Linde-Arias AR, Inácio AF, de Alburquerque C, Freire MM, Moreira JC (2008) Biomarkers in an
invasive fish species, Oreochromis niloticus, to assess the effects of pollution in a highly
degraded Brazilian River. Sci Total Environ 399(1–3):186–192
Lourenço J, Silva A, Carvalho F, Oliveira J, Malta M, Mendo S et al (2011) Histopathological
changes in the earthworm Eisenia andrei associated with the exposure to metals and radionuclides. Chemosphere 85(10):1630–1634
Lv B, Xing M, Yang J (2016) Speciation and transformation of heavy metals during
vermicomposting of animal manure. Bioresour Technol 209:397–401
Manakova B, Kuta J, Svobodová M, Hofman J (2014) Effects of combined composting and
vermicomposting of waste sludge on arsenic fate and bioavailability. J Hazard Mater
280:544–551
Morgan JE, Norey CG, Morgan AJ, Kay J (1989) A comparison of the cadmium-binding proteins
isolated from the posterior alimentary canal of the earthworms Dendrodrilus rubidus and
Lumbricus rubellus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol 92(1):15–21
Nogales R, Cifuentes C, Benitez E (2005) Vermicomposting of winery wastes: a laboratory study. J
Environ Sci Health B 40(4):659–673
Pedersen MB, van Gestel CA (2001) Toxicity of copper to the collembolan Folsomia fimetaria in
relation to the age of soil contamination. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 49(1):54–59
Ponmani S, Udayasoorian C, Jayabalakrishnan RM, Kumar KV (2014) Vermicomposting of paper
mill solid waste using epigeic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae. J Environ Biol 35(4):617
Rorat A, Suleiman H, Grobelak A, Grosser A, Kacprzak M, Płytycz B, Vandenbulcke F (2016)
Interactions between sewage sludge-amended soil and earthworms—comparison between
Eisenia fetida and Eisenia andrei composting species. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23(4):3026–3035
Rorat A, Wloka D, Grobelak A, Grosser A, Sosnecka A, Milczarek M et al (2017)
Vermiremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals in sewage sludge
composting process. J Environ Manag 187:347–353
Shahmansouri MR, Pourmoghadas H, Parvaresh AR, Alidadi H (2005) Heavy metals
bioaccumulation by Iranian and Australian earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in the sewage sludge
vermicomposting. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2(1):28–32
Sharma VJ, Satyanarayan S (2011) Effect of selected heavy metals on the histopathology of
different tissues of earthworm Eudrillus eugeniae. Environ Monit Assess 180(1–4):257–267
Singh J, Kalamdhad AS (2013) Assessment of bioavailability and leachability of heavy metals
during rotary drum composting of green waste (Water hyacinth). Ecol Eng 52:59–69
Spurgeon DJ, Hopkin SP (1999) Comparisons of metal accumulation and excretion kinetics in
earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to contaminated field and laboratory soils. Appl Soil Ecol
11(2–3):227–243
Sturzenbaum SR, Winters C, Galay M, Morgan AJ, Kille P (2001) Metal ion trafficking in
earthworms Identification of a cadmium-specific metallothionein. J Biol Chem 276
(36):34013–34018
Suriya J, Bharathiraja S, Sekar V, Rajasekaran R (2012) Metallothionein induction and
antioxidative responses in the estuarine polychaeta Capitella capitata (Capitellidae). Asian Pac
J Trop Biomed 2(2):S1052–S1059
Suthar S (2008) Bioconversion of post-harvest crop residues and cattle shed manure into valueadded products using earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae Kinberg. Ecol Eng 32(3):206–214
Suthar S, Singh S (2008) Feasibility of vermicomposting in biostabilization of sludge from a
distillery industry. Sci Total Environ 394(2–3):237–243
Suthar S, Sajwan P, Kumar K (2014) Vermiremediation of heavy metals in wastewater sludge from
paper and pulp industry using earthworm Eisenia fetida. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 109:177–184
Vijver MG, Wolterbeek HT, Vink JP, van Gestel CA (2005) Surface adsorption of metals onto the
earthworm Lumbricus rubellus and the isopod Porcellio scaber is negligible compared to
absorption in the body. Sci Total Environ 340(1–3):271–280
278
S. Sugumar et al.
invasive fish species, Oreochromis niloticus, to assess the effects of pollution in a highly
degraded Brazilian River. Sci Total Environ 399(1–3):186–192
Lourenço J, Silva A, Carvalho F, Oliveira J, Malta M, Mendo S et al (2011) Histopathological
changes in the earthworm Eisenia andrei associated with the exposure to metals and radionuclides. Chemosphere 85(10):1630–1634
Lv B, Xing M, Yang J (2016) Speciation and transformation of heavy metals during
vermicomposting of animal manure. Bioresour Technol 209:397–401
Manakova B, Kuta J, Svobodová M, Hofman J (2014) Effects of combined composting and
vermicomposting of waste sludge on arsenic fate and bioavailability. J Hazard Mater
280:544–551
Morgan JE, Norey CG, Morgan AJ, Kay J (1989) A comparison of the cadmium-binding proteins
isolated from the posterior alimentary canal of the earthworms Dendrodrilus rubidus and
Lumbricus rubellus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol 92(1):15–21
Nogales R, Cifuentes C, Benitez E (2005) Vermicomposting of winery wastes: a laboratory study. J
Environ Sci Health B 40(4):659–673
Pedersen MB, van Gestel CA (2001) Toxicity of copper to the collembolan Folsomia fimetaria in
relation to the age of soil contamination. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 49(1):54–59
Ponmani S, Udayasoorian C, Jayabalakrishnan RM, Kumar KV (2014) Vermicomposting of paper
mill solid waste using epigeic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae. J Environ Biol 35(4):617
Rorat A, Suleiman H, Grobelak A, Grosser A, Kacprzak M, Płytycz B, Vandenbulcke F (2016)
Interactions between sewage sludge-amended soil and earthworms—comparison between
Eisenia fetida and Eisenia andrei composting species. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23(4):3026–3035
Rorat A, Wloka D, Grobelak A, Grosser A, Sosnecka A, Milczarek M et al (2017)
Vermiremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals in sewage sludge
composting process. J Environ Manag 187:347–353
Shahmansouri MR, Pourmoghadas H, Parvaresh AR, Alidadi H (2005) Heavy metals
bioaccumulation by Iranian and Australian earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in the sewage sludge
vermicomposting. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2(1):28–32
Sharma VJ, Satyanarayan S (2011) Effect of selected heavy metals on the histopathology of
different tissues of earthworm Eudrillus eugeniae. Environ Monit Assess 180(1–4):257–267
Singh J, Kalamdhad AS (2013) Assessment of bioavailability and leachability of heavy metals
during rotary drum composting of green waste (Water hyacinth). Ecol Eng 52:59–69
Spurgeon DJ, Hopkin SP (1999) Comparisons of metal accumulation and excretion kinetics in
earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to contaminated field and laboratory soils. Appl Soil Ecol
11(2–3):227–243
Sturzenbaum SR, Winters C, Galay M, Morgan AJ, Kille P (2001) Metal ion trafficking in
earthworms Identification of a cadmium-specific metallothionein. J Biol Chem 276
(36):34013–34018
Suriya J, Bharathiraja S, Sekar V, Rajasekaran R (2012) Metallothionein induction and
antioxidative responses in the estuarine polychaeta Capitella capitata (Capitellidae). Asian Pac
J Trop Biomed 2(2):S1052–S1059
Suthar S (2008) Bioconversion of post-harvest crop residues and cattle shed manure into valueadded products using earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae Kinberg. Ecol Eng 32(3):206–214
Suthar S, Singh S (2008) Feasibility of vermicomposting in biostabilization of sludge from a
distillery industry. Sci Total Environ 394(2–3):237–243
Suthar S, Sajwan P, Kumar K (2014) Vermiremediation of heavy metals in wastewater sludge from
paper and pulp industry using earthworm Eisenia fetida. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 109:177–184
Vijver MG, Wolterbeek HT, Vink JP, van Gestel CA (2005) Surface adsorption of metals onto the
earthworm Lumbricus rubellus and the isopod Porcellio scaber is negligible compared to
absorption in the body. Sci Total Environ 340(1–3):271–280
278
S. Sugumar et al.