599
Drop size distributions (DSDs)
and bubble, 142
characteristics, 52, 171, 172
CMS, 146, 178
datasets, 50
deep sea (see Deep-sea on DSD)
DeepSpill, 47, 49
and development, 150
dispersed oil phase, 47
DWH blowout, 172, 177
energy dissipation metrics, 54–55
estimates, 178
experimental measurements, 50
far-field computations, 146
far-field fate, 22
in situ measurements, 47, 49, 50
mechanistic modelling, 53
oil concentrations, 176
oil fate and behavior, 21
peak, 177
pilot-scale jet experiments, 47, 48
profiles, 175
Rosin-Rammler distribution shapes, 172
scaling-based models, 52, 53
SSDI, 142, 176
stirrer cells, 48, 49
subsea oil discharge, 47
surface oil concentrations, 181
from TAMOC, 146
validity, 184
variations, 188
Droplet breakup, 46, 53, 57, 58, 159
Droplet formation
in deep-sea conditions, 172, 173
Droplet OMAs, 200
Droplet size, 159, 160, 163
DWH aquatic toxicity data, synthesis,
487, 488
DWH toxicity testing
aquatic toxicity data, 491
SSDs, 491
standard aquatic species, 491
Dynamic viscosity, 17, 22, 68
E
Early life stages (ELS)
cardiac development and functional effects,
500, 508
differences, sensitivity, 499, 500, 508
non cardiac developmental effects, 501
species-specific differences, sensitivity, 499
EC50, 488
Echolocation, 441, 445, 447, 448
Ecological impacts, DWH oil spill
characteristic biological resources, 345
chronic impacts, 351
conceptual models, 347
injuries, mesophotic reefs, 349
Natural Resource Trustees, 345
NRDA process, 346
pathways of injury, 351
severity, 351
trustees, 347, 349
Ecological oxidative stress, 509
Economic indicators, 574
Ecosystem-level effects, 9
Ecotoxicology, deep ocean spills
aquatic species, 471, 472
chemosynthetic, 469
coastal environments, 470
deep ocean communities, 469
deep ocean environment, 475
DWH oil spill, 468
habitats and oceanographic zones, 467
hydrocarbon exposure, 467
offshore, 469, 470
subsea oil spill, 475
toxicity extrapolation approaches (see
Toxicity extrapolation approaches)
Electrospray ionization (ESI), 255, 256
Ellipsoidal bubbles, 71
Endangered Species Act, 5
End-to-end ecosystem model, 553
Energy cascade, 54
Energy dissipation metrics
BOPs, 54
live oil, 54
near-field plume, 54
Reynolds number, 54
TDR (see Turbulence dissipation rate
(TDR))
TKE (see Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE))
Weber number scaling, 54
Enhanced dissolution, 305
Entanglement, 434–436
Entrainment events, 157
Environmental oil fingerprinting, 318
Eötvös number, 67
EPA, 483, 486, 488
Eukaryotes, 27
Eukaryotic microbes, 203
Experimental simulation, 127
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS),
303, 307
bacterial, 204
marine snow, 198
and oil degradation products, 204
Index
Drop size distributions (DSDs)
and bubble, 142
characteristics, 52, 171, 172
CMS, 146, 178
datasets, 50
deep sea (see Deep-sea on DSD)
DeepSpill, 47, 49
and development, 150
dispersed oil phase, 47
DWH blowout, 172, 177
energy dissipation metrics, 54–55
estimates, 178
experimental measurements, 50
far-field computations, 146
far-field fate, 22
in situ measurements, 47, 49, 50
mechanistic modelling, 53
oil concentrations, 176
oil fate and behavior, 21
peak, 177
pilot-scale jet experiments, 47, 48
profiles, 175
Rosin-Rammler distribution shapes, 172
scaling-based models, 52, 53
SSDI, 142, 176
stirrer cells, 48, 49
subsea oil discharge, 47
surface oil concentrations, 181
from TAMOC, 146
validity, 184
variations, 188
Droplet breakup, 46, 53, 57, 58, 159
Droplet formation
in deep-sea conditions, 172, 173
Droplet OMAs, 200
Droplet size, 159, 160, 163
DWH aquatic toxicity data, synthesis,
487, 488
DWH toxicity testing
aquatic toxicity data, 491
SSDs, 491
standard aquatic species, 491
Dynamic viscosity, 17, 22, 68
E
Early life stages (ELS)
cardiac development and functional effects,
500, 508
differences, sensitivity, 499, 500, 508
non cardiac developmental effects, 501
species-specific differences, sensitivity, 499
EC50, 488
Echolocation, 441, 445, 447, 448
Ecological impacts, DWH oil spill
characteristic biological resources, 345
chronic impacts, 351
conceptual models, 347
injuries, mesophotic reefs, 349
Natural Resource Trustees, 345
NRDA process, 346
pathways of injury, 351
severity, 351
trustees, 347, 349
Ecological oxidative stress, 509
Economic indicators, 574
Ecosystem-level effects, 9
Ecotoxicology, deep ocean spills
aquatic species, 471, 472
chemosynthetic, 469
coastal environments, 470
deep ocean communities, 469
deep ocean environment, 475
DWH oil spill, 468
habitats and oceanographic zones, 467
hydrocarbon exposure, 467
offshore, 469, 470
subsea oil spill, 475
toxicity extrapolation approaches (see
Toxicity extrapolation approaches)
Electrospray ionization (ESI), 255, 256
Ellipsoidal bubbles, 71
Endangered Species Act, 5
End-to-end ecosystem model, 553
Energy cascade, 54
Energy dissipation metrics
BOPs, 54
live oil, 54
near-field plume, 54
Reynolds number, 54
TDR (see Turbulence dissipation rate
(TDR))
TKE (see Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE))
Weber number scaling, 54
Enhanced dissolution, 305
Entanglement, 434–436
Entrainment events, 157
Environmental oil fingerprinting, 318
Eötvös number, 67
EPA, 483, 486, 488
Eukaryotes, 27
Eukaryotic microbes, 203
Experimental simulation, 127
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS),
303, 307
bacterial, 204
marine snow, 198
and oil degradation products, 204
Index