579
modeling – for both the Gulf states model and the Gulf counties model. The aggregate economic impacts – commercial and recreational fishing – for the time period
2010–2020 are a loss of roughly 24,000 job-years, $2.1 billion in industry output,
$1.1 billion in total value-added or Gross Regional Product, $650 million in labor
income, $140 million in state and local tax revenues, and $160 million in federal tax
revenues.
While these numbers are large, it must be noted that this is the estimated difference between a spill scenario and a no spill scenario. Commercial and recreational
fishing continued in the Gulf of Mexico during and after the oil spill occurred. In
2015 the Gulf of Mexico recreational and commercial fisheries sectors employed
over 141,000 individuals and accounted for $24.7 billion in sales (NMFS 2017).
The approach employed in this chapter of connecting the biological output of
Atlantis modeling with the economic impact of recreational and commercial fisheries provides a reasonable first approximation. While a fully integrated model might
be preferable in the long run, this initial step demonstrated the value of connecting
biophysical modeling output with economic impact modeling.
Funding Information This publication was made possible, in part, by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, Office of Education Educational Partnership Program award
(NA16SEC4810009). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
Table 33.6 Average annual economic impacts associated with changes in recreational fishing
expenditures, by state (2011–2020)
Alabama Florida Louisiana Mississippi Texas
Gulf
states
Gulf states
model
Employment
70
318
125
19
153 685
Output
$7.6
$34.7 $13.6
$2.1
$16.7 $74.8
Value added
$4.2
$19.0 $7.4
$1.1
$9.2 $41.0
Labor income
$2.7
$12.3 $4.8
$0.7
$5.9 $26.5
State and local
taxes
$0.5
$2.1
$0.8
$0.1
$1.0 $4.5
Federal taxes
$0.6
$2.8
$1.1
$0.2
$1.3 $6.0
Gulf counties
model
Employment
66
301
118
18
145 647
Output
$7.0
$31.9 $12.5
$1.9
$15.4 $68.7
Value added
$3.9
$17.7 $6.9
$1.1
$8.5 $38.2
Labor income
$2.6
$11.6 $4.5
$0.7
$5.6 $25.0
State and local
taxes
$0.4
$1.9
$0.8
$0.1
$0.9 $4.2
Federal taxes
$0.6
$2.6
$1.0
$0.2
$1.3 $5.7
Employment is reported as full-time and part-time jobs and all other measures are reported in millions of 2018 dollars
33 Effects of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill on Human Communities: Catch…
modeling – for both the Gulf states model and the Gulf counties model. The aggregate economic impacts – commercial and recreational fishing – for the time period
2010–2020 are a loss of roughly 24,000 job-years, $2.1 billion in industry output,
$1.1 billion in total value-added or Gross Regional Product, $650 million in labor
income, $140 million in state and local tax revenues, and $160 million in federal tax
revenues.
While these numbers are large, it must be noted that this is the estimated difference between a spill scenario and a no spill scenario. Commercial and recreational
fishing continued in the Gulf of Mexico during and after the oil spill occurred. In
2015 the Gulf of Mexico recreational and commercial fisheries sectors employed
over 141,000 individuals and accounted for $24.7 billion in sales (NMFS 2017).
The approach employed in this chapter of connecting the biological output of
Atlantis modeling with the economic impact of recreational and commercial fisheries provides a reasonable first approximation. While a fully integrated model might
be preferable in the long run, this initial step demonstrated the value of connecting
biophysical modeling output with economic impact modeling.
Funding Information This publication was made possible, in part, by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, Office of Education Educational Partnership Program award
(NA16SEC4810009). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
Table 33.6 Average annual economic impacts associated with changes in recreational fishing
expenditures, by state (2011–2020)
Alabama Florida Louisiana Mississippi Texas
Gulf
states
Gulf states
model
Employment
70
318
125
19
153 685
Output
$7.6
$34.7 $13.6
$2.1
$16.7 $74.8
Value added
$4.2
$19.0 $7.4
$1.1
$9.2 $41.0
Labor income
$2.7
$12.3 $4.8
$0.7
$5.9 $26.5
State and local
taxes
$0.5
$2.1
$0.8
$0.1
$1.0 $4.5
Federal taxes
$0.6
$2.8
$1.1
$0.2
$1.3 $6.0
Gulf counties
model
Employment
66
301
118
18
145 647
Output
$7.0
$31.9 $12.5
$1.9
$15.4 $68.7
Value added
$3.9
$17.7 $6.9
$1.1
$8.5 $38.2
Labor income
$2.6
$11.6 $4.5
$0.7
$5.6 $25.0
State and local
taxes
$0.4
$1.9
$0.8
$0.1
$0.9 $4.2
Federal taxes
$0.6
$2.6
$1.0
$0.2
$1.3 $5.7
Employment is reported as full-time and part-time jobs and all other measures are reported in millions of 2018 dollars
33 Effects of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill on Human Communities: Catch…