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2 High-Efficient Anaerobic Fermentation Technology of Organic …
Fig. 2.1 Conceptual model of anaerobic fermentation process
facilities, optimize technological process, raise the comprehensive utilization level
of energy and improve the service system.
2.1.1 Traditional Anaerobic Fermentation Process
Anaerobic fermentation is a process to decompose organic matter and produce H 2 ,
CH 4 and CO 2 under the joint efforts of anaerobic or facultative anaerobic microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. Its fundamental differences with aerobic treatment
process lie in that it uses combined oxygen, carbon, sulfur and nitrogen rather than
molecular oxygen as hydrogen acceptors. This technology can realize harmlessness, reduction, stabilization and resourceful utilization of organic wastes and shows
advantages, like low cost, high efficiency and energy saving, so it is considered as a
sustainable treatment technology.
The traditional anaerobic fermentation process is shown in Fig. 2.1. Step 1 demonstrates hydrolysis and fermentation, that is, macromolecular substances, such as carbohydrate, protein and fat are hydrolysed into monosome by extracellular enzyme and
produce multiple intermediate products. Step 2 displays hydrogenesis and acetogenesis. Various products of hydrolysis and fermentation are continuously decomposed
into methanogenic precursors, such as acetic acid and hydrogen. Moreover, step 3
shows methanogenesis. The methanogenic precursors are transformed into methane,
so as to completely remove organic pollutants.
2.1.2 Two-Phase Anaerobic Fermentation Process
In the early period of the 1970s, Pohland and Borchardt firstly proposed the concept
of phase separation in the field of anaerobic digestion. The most significant characteristic of the two-phase anaerobic system is to realize phase separation, so that
all kinds of bacteria participating in anaerobic fermentation are optically distributed
in two-phase anaerobic bio-treatment system, thus improving treatment effects of
anaerobic fermentation process. However, for a long time, the two-phase anaerobic
process researched in the world is mainly used as a treatment system of organic
pollutants, while less attention is paid on its effects while being utilized as an energy
2 High-Efficient Anaerobic Fermentation Technology of Organic …
Fig. 2.1 Conceptual model of anaerobic fermentation process
facilities, optimize technological process, raise the comprehensive utilization level
of energy and improve the service system.
2.1.1 Traditional Anaerobic Fermentation Process
Anaerobic fermentation is a process to decompose organic matter and produce H 2 ,
CH 4 and CO 2 under the joint efforts of anaerobic or facultative anaerobic microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. Its fundamental differences with aerobic treatment
process lie in that it uses combined oxygen, carbon, sulfur and nitrogen rather than
molecular oxygen as hydrogen acceptors. This technology can realize harmlessness, reduction, stabilization and resourceful utilization of organic wastes and shows
advantages, like low cost, high efficiency and energy saving, so it is considered as a
sustainable treatment technology.
The traditional anaerobic fermentation process is shown in Fig. 2.1. Step 1 demonstrates hydrolysis and fermentation, that is, macromolecular substances, such as carbohydrate, protein and fat are hydrolysed into monosome by extracellular enzyme and
produce multiple intermediate products. Step 2 displays hydrogenesis and acetogenesis. Various products of hydrolysis and fermentation are continuously decomposed
into methanogenic precursors, such as acetic acid and hydrogen. Moreover, step 3
shows methanogenesis. The methanogenic precursors are transformed into methane,
so as to completely remove organic pollutants.
2.1.2 Two-Phase Anaerobic Fermentation Process
In the early period of the 1970s, Pohland and Borchardt firstly proposed the concept
of phase separation in the field of anaerobic digestion. The most significant characteristic of the two-phase anaerobic system is to realize phase separation, so that
all kinds of bacteria participating in anaerobic fermentation are optically distributed
in two-phase anaerobic bio-treatment system, thus improving treatment effects of
anaerobic fermentation process. However, for a long time, the two-phase anaerobic
process researched in the world is mainly used as a treatment system of organic
pollutants, while less attention is paid on its effects while being utilized as an energy