Chapter 2
High-Efficient Anaerobic Fermentation
Technology of Organic Wastes in Villages
and Towns
Abstract The accumulation of organic waste is thought to be critical levels in the
world. The organic wastes require to be managed in a sustainable way to avoid
depletion of natural resources, minimize risk to human health, reduce environmental
burdens and maintain an overall balance in the ecosystem. Anaerobic fermentation
technology is currently applied to the treatment organic wastes and realize energy
recovery. The chapter focuses on process system, influence factors, pre-treatment
technologies of organic wastes and high-efficient anaerobic fermentation technology. In addition, the chapter reviewed energy recovery efficiency and anaerobic
fermentation equipment. It provides a broad overview of the digestibility and energy
production (biogas) yield of a range of substrates of organic wastes in villages and
towns. The involvement of a diverse array of microorganisms and metabolites and
environmental factors on the efficiency of the process has been comprehensively
addressed to obtain higher efficient anaerobic fermentation performance.
2.1 Overview
Since stepping into the twenty-first century, under dual pressures of energy and
crisis mitigation, more and more attention has been paid on renewable and lowpollution biomass energy in the world. Owing to anaerobic fermentation process has
characteristics, such as no need for oxygen supply, being capable of saving energy
and reducing cost, significant comprehensive benefits and suiting for villages and
towns, it has become a research hotspot of industrial application. Since the 1970s,
China has vigorously developed rural biogas projects and the amount of household
biogas digesters has reached 5.25 × 10
6 during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period.
Moreover, 633 large and medium-sized biogas projects were built to intensively
supply biogas for 8.4 × 10
4 families. The construction of rural household biogas
projects has effectively utilized rural living and production wastes, improved the
living environment of rural residents, eased the pressure of rural energy demands,
and contributed to the emission reduction of CO 2 and SO 2 . However, the construction
of biogas projects in villages and towns still needs to further improve supporting
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
M. Li et al., Differentiated Resourceful Utilization of Rural Organic Wastes,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2712-8_2
9
High-Efficient Anaerobic Fermentation
Technology of Organic Wastes in Villages
and Towns
Abstract The accumulation of organic waste is thought to be critical levels in the
world. The organic wastes require to be managed in a sustainable way to avoid
depletion of natural resources, minimize risk to human health, reduce environmental
burdens and maintain an overall balance in the ecosystem. Anaerobic fermentation
technology is currently applied to the treatment organic wastes and realize energy
recovery. The chapter focuses on process system, influence factors, pre-treatment
technologies of organic wastes and high-efficient anaerobic fermentation technology. In addition, the chapter reviewed energy recovery efficiency and anaerobic
fermentation equipment. It provides a broad overview of the digestibility and energy
production (biogas) yield of a range of substrates of organic wastes in villages and
towns. The involvement of a diverse array of microorganisms and metabolites and
environmental factors on the efficiency of the process has been comprehensively
addressed to obtain higher efficient anaerobic fermentation performance.
2.1 Overview
Since stepping into the twenty-first century, under dual pressures of energy and
crisis mitigation, more and more attention has been paid on renewable and lowpollution biomass energy in the world. Owing to anaerobic fermentation process has
characteristics, such as no need for oxygen supply, being capable of saving energy
and reducing cost, significant comprehensive benefits and suiting for villages and
towns, it has become a research hotspot of industrial application. Since the 1970s,
China has vigorously developed rural biogas projects and the amount of household
biogas digesters has reached 5.25 × 10
6 during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period.
Moreover, 633 large and medium-sized biogas projects were built to intensively
supply biogas for 8.4 × 10
4 families. The construction of rural household biogas
projects has effectively utilized rural living and production wastes, improved the
living environment of rural residents, eased the pressure of rural energy demands,
and contributed to the emission reduction of CO 2 and SO 2 . However, the construction
of biogas projects in villages and towns still needs to further improve supporting
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
M. Li et al., Differentiated Resourceful Utilization of Rural Organic Wastes,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2712-8_2
9