Generalities
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1.1.9.4. Energy sector
Microalgae are used in the energy sector (Figure 9) for the production of new and
renewable energies. Thanks to their rich lipid content and rapid growth, microalgae are used to
produce biofuels such as biodiesel and ethanol, using photosynthesis to convert sunlight into
energy (Kherarba, 2013).
Figure 9: Overview of the Biofuel Production from Microalgae (Oves et al., 2022).
1.1.9.5 Environmental applications
The main environmental applications of microalgae are :
 Wastewater treatment: microalgae are used in wastewater treatment thanks to their
ability to assimilate numerous nutrients and fix heavy metals present in wastewater.