9. Schettgen T, Dewes P, Kraus T (2016) A method for the simultaneous quantification of
eight metabolites of synthetic pyrethroids in urine of the general population using gas
chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 408:5467–5478. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s00216-016-9645-2
10. Leng G, Gries W (2005) Simultaneous determination of pyrethroid and pyrethrin metabolites in
human urine by gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Anal
Technol Biomed Life Sci 814:285–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.10.044
11. Schettgen T, Koch H, Drexler H, Angerer J (2002) New gas chromatographic–mass
spectrometric method for the determination of urinary pyrethroid metabolites in environmental
medicine. J Chromatogr B 778:121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(01)00452-2
12. Bartosz W, Marcin W, Wojciech C (2014) Development of hollow fiber-supported liquid-phase
microextraction and HPLC-DAD method for the determination of pyrethroid metabolites in
human and rat urine. Biomed Chromatogr 28:708–716. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmc.3097
13. Saito S, Ueyama J, Kondo T, Saito I, Shibata E, Gotoh M, Nomura H, Wakusawa S, Nakai K,
Kamijima M (2014) A non-invasive biomonitoring method for assessing levels of urinary
pyrethroid metabolites in diapered children by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 24:200–207. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2013.31
14. Le Grand R, Dulaurent S, Gaulier JM, Saint-Marcoux F, Moesch C, Lachâtre G (2012)
Simultaneous determination of five synthetic pyrethroid metabolites in urine by liquid
chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: application to 39 persons without known exposure to pyrethroids. Toxicol Lett 210:248–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.08.016
15. Toshima H, Yoshinaga J, Shiraishi H, Ito Y, Kamijima M, Ueyama J (2015) Comparison of
different urine pretreatments for biological monitoring of pyrethroid insecticides. J Anal
Toxicol 39:133–136. https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/bku142
16. Davis MD, Wade EL, Restrepo PR, Roman-Esteva W, Bravo R, Kuklenyik P, Calafat AM
(2013) Semi-automated solid phase extraction method for the mass spectrometric quantification
of 12 specific metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides, synthetic pyrethroids, and select
herbicides in human urine. J Chromatogr B 929:18–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.
04.005
17. Klimowska A, Wielgomas B (2018) Off-line microextraction by packed sorbent combined
with on solid support derivatization and GC-MS: application for the analysis of five pyrethroid
metabolites in urine samples. Talanta 176:165–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2017.08.
011
18. Baker S, Barr D, Driskell W, Beeson M, Needham L (2000) Quantification of selected pesticide
metabolites in human urine using isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography/
tandem mass spectrometry. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 10:789–798. https://doi.org/10.1038/
sj.jea.7500123
19. Roca M, Leon N, Pastor A, Yusà V (2014) Comprehensive analytical strategy for
biomonitoring of pesticides in urine by liquid chromatography-orbitrap high resolution mass
spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1374:66–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2014.11.010
20. Yoshida T (2017) Analytical method for pyrethroid metabolites in urine of the nonoccupationally exposed population by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr
Sci 55:873–881. https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bmx048
21. Garí M, González-Quinteiro Y, Bravo N, Grimalt JO (2018) Analysis of metabolites of
organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in human urine from urban and agricultural
populations (Catalonia and Galicia). Sci Total Environ 622–623:526–533. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.355
22. Dewailly E, Forde M, Robertson L, Kaddar N, Laouan Sidi EA, Côté S, Gaudreau E,
Drescher O, Ayotte P (2014) Evaluation of pyrethroid exposures in pregnant women from
10 Caribbean countries. Environ Int 63:201–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2013.11.014
23. Qi X, Zheng M, Wu C, Wang G, Feng C, Zhou Z (2012) Urinary pyrethroid metabolites among
pregnant women in an agricultural area of the province of Jiangsu, China. Int J Hyg Environ
Health 215:487–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.12.003
78
B. Wielgomas et al.
eight metabolites of synthetic pyrethroids in urine of the general population using gas
chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 408:5467–5478. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s00216-016-9645-2
10. Leng G, Gries W (2005) Simultaneous determination of pyrethroid and pyrethrin metabolites in
human urine by gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Anal
Technol Biomed Life Sci 814:285–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.10.044
11. Schettgen T, Koch H, Drexler H, Angerer J (2002) New gas chromatographic–mass
spectrometric method for the determination of urinary pyrethroid metabolites in environmental
medicine. J Chromatogr B 778:121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(01)00452-2
12. Bartosz W, Marcin W, Wojciech C (2014) Development of hollow fiber-supported liquid-phase
microextraction and HPLC-DAD method for the determination of pyrethroid metabolites in
human and rat urine. Biomed Chromatogr 28:708–716. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmc.3097
13. Saito S, Ueyama J, Kondo T, Saito I, Shibata E, Gotoh M, Nomura H, Wakusawa S, Nakai K,
Kamijima M (2014) A non-invasive biomonitoring method for assessing levels of urinary
pyrethroid metabolites in diapered children by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 24:200–207. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2013.31
14. Le Grand R, Dulaurent S, Gaulier JM, Saint-Marcoux F, Moesch C, Lachâtre G (2012)
Simultaneous determination of five synthetic pyrethroid metabolites in urine by liquid
chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry: application to 39 persons without known exposure to pyrethroids. Toxicol Lett 210:248–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.08.016
15. Toshima H, Yoshinaga J, Shiraishi H, Ito Y, Kamijima M, Ueyama J (2015) Comparison of
different urine pretreatments for biological monitoring of pyrethroid insecticides. J Anal
Toxicol 39:133–136. https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/bku142
16. Davis MD, Wade EL, Restrepo PR, Roman-Esteva W, Bravo R, Kuklenyik P, Calafat AM
(2013) Semi-automated solid phase extraction method for the mass spectrometric quantification
of 12 specific metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides, synthetic pyrethroids, and select
herbicides in human urine. J Chromatogr B 929:18–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.
04.005
17. Klimowska A, Wielgomas B (2018) Off-line microextraction by packed sorbent combined
with on solid support derivatization and GC-MS: application for the analysis of five pyrethroid
metabolites in urine samples. Talanta 176:165–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2017.08.
011
18. Baker S, Barr D, Driskell W, Beeson M, Needham L (2000) Quantification of selected pesticide
metabolites in human urine using isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography/
tandem mass spectrometry. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 10:789–798. https://doi.org/10.1038/
sj.jea.7500123
19. Roca M, Leon N, Pastor A, Yusà V (2014) Comprehensive analytical strategy for
biomonitoring of pesticides in urine by liquid chromatography-orbitrap high resolution mass
spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1374:66–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2014.11.010
20. Yoshida T (2017) Analytical method for pyrethroid metabolites in urine of the nonoccupationally exposed population by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr
Sci 55:873–881. https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bmx048
21. Garí M, González-Quinteiro Y, Bravo N, Grimalt JO (2018) Analysis of metabolites of
organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in human urine from urban and agricultural
populations (Catalonia and Galicia). Sci Total Environ 622–623:526–533. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.355
22. Dewailly E, Forde M, Robertson L, Kaddar N, Laouan Sidi EA, Côté S, Gaudreau E,
Drescher O, Ayotte P (2014) Evaluation of pyrethroid exposures in pregnant women from
10 Caribbean countries. Environ Int 63:201–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2013.11.014
23. Qi X, Zheng M, Wu C, Wang G, Feng C, Zhou Z (2012) Urinary pyrethroid metabolites among
pregnant women in an agricultural area of the province of Jiangsu, China. Int J Hyg Environ
Health 215:487–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.12.003
78
B. Wielgomas et al.