Table 5
(continued)
Reference
and study
Location
Design
Study dates
Population sample
size
Exposure assessment
Pesticides/
metabolites
Outcomes of interest
Main pyrethroid
findings
[52]
South Africa
Cross-sectional
study
2009
and 90 town
residents)
DBCA, cisand
trans-DCCA,
4-F-3PBA)
Self-reported neurotoxic symptoms (Q16
questionnaire)
Three symptoms associated with cis-DCCA
(OR; 95% CI
¼ 3.03;
1.22–7.50 for buttoning), trans-DCCA
(OR; 95% CI
¼ 1.82;
1.00–3.32 for making
notes), DBCA (OR;
95% CI
¼ 8.93; 1.71–
46.5 for buttoning,
2.95; 1.16–7.54 for
reading, and 2.82;
1.04–7.63 for making
notes)
(Authors’ comment:
associations could be
due to chance as
213 comparisons
made, of which only
2.3% were significant
at a p
< 0.05 level),
median exposure
levels higher than in
other countries
3-PBA
3-phenoxybenzoic acid, Cis-DCCA cis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-1-methylcyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic
acid, TDCCA trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-1methylcyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, Trans-DDCA trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic
acid, 4-F-3-PBA
4-fluoro-3phenoxybenzoic acid, DBCA cis-2,2-dibromovinyl-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic
acid, SDT latency test SDT-Symbol Digit-latency test, CATSYS
Danish Product Development Ltd
282
A.-M. Saillenfait and S. Malard