18. Wielgomas B, Piskunowicz M (2013) Biomonitoring of pyrethroid exposure among rural and
urban populations in northern Poland. Chemosphere 93(10):2547–2553. http://www.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653513013404
19. Ueda Y, Oda M, Saito I, Hamada R, Kondo T, Kamijima M et al (2018) A sensitive and efficient
procedure for the high-throughput determination of nine urinary metabolites of pyrethroids by
GC-MS/MS and its application in a sample of Japanese children. Anal Bioanal Chem 410
(24):6207–6217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1229-x
20. Trunnelle KJ, Bennett DH, Ahn KC, Schenker MB, Tancredi DJ, Gee SJ et al (2014) Concentrations of the urinary pyrethroid metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid in farm worker families in
the MICASA study. Environ Res 131:153–159. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/
pii/S0013935114000486
21. Zhang J, Hisada A, Yoshinaga J, Shiraishi H, Shimodaira K, Okai T et al (2013) Exposure to
pyrethroids insecticides and serum levels of thyroid-related measures in pregnant women.
Environ Res 127:16–21. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935113001734
22. Corcellas C, Feo ML, Torres JP, Malm O, Ocampo-Duque W, Eljarrat E et al (2012) Pyrethroids in human breast milk: occurrence and nursing daily intake estimation. Environ Int
47:17–22. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412012001195
23. Ji G, Xia Y, Gu A, Shi X, Long Y, Song L et al (2011) Effects of non-occupational
environmental exposure to pyrethroids on semen quality and sperm DNA integrity in Chinese
men. Reprod Toxicol 31(2):171–176. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/
S0890623810003163
24. Toshima H, Suzuki Y, Imai K, Yoshinaga J, Shiraishi H, Mizumoto Y et al (2012) Endocrine
disrupting chemicals in urine of Japanese male partners of subfertile couples: a pilot study on
exposure and semen quality. Int J Hyg Environ Health 215(5):502–506. http://www.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S143846391100157X
25. Jurewicz J, Radwan M, Wielgomas B, Sobala W, Piskunowicz M, Radwan P et al (2015) The
effect of environmental exposure to pyrethroids and DNA damage in human sperm. Syst Biol
Reprod Med 61(1):37–43
26. Shelton JF, Geraghty EM, Tancredi DJ, Delwiche LD, Schmidt RJ, Ritz B et al (2014)
Neurodevelopmental disorders and prenatal residential proximity to agricultural pesticides:
the CHARGE study. Environ Health Perspect 122(10):A266
27. Reardon AM, Perzanowski MS, Whyatt RM, Chew GL, Perera FP, Miller RL (2009) Associations between prenatal pesticide exposure and cough, wheeze, and IgE in early childhood.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 124(4):852–854. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/
S0091674909011555
28. Mawussi G, Sanda K, Merlina G, Pinelli E (2009) Assessment of average exposure to
organochlorine pesticides in southern Togo from water, maize (Zea mays) and cowpea
(Vigna unguiculata). Food Addit Contam Part A 26(3):348–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/
02652030802528343
29. Bempah CK, Agyekum AA, Akuamoa F, Frimpong S, Buah-Kwofie A (2016) Dietary exposure
to chlorinated pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables from Ghanaian markets. J Food
Compos
Anal
46:103–113.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/
S0889157515002525
30. Skovgaard M, Renjel Encinas S, Jensen OC, Andersen JH, Condarco G, Jørs E (2017) Pesticide
residues in commercial lettuce, onion, and potato samples from Bolivia – a threat to public
health? Environ Health Insights 11:1178630217704194. https://doi.org/10.1177/
1178630217704194
31. Rosalind S, Gibson ELF (1999) An interactive 24-hour recall for assessing the adequacy of iron
and zinc intakes in developing countries. ILSI Press, Washington
32. Boobis AR, Ossendorp BC, Banasiak U, Hamey PY, Sebestyen I, Moretto A (2008) Cumulative risk assessment of pesticide residues in food. Toxicol Lett 180(2):137–150. http://www.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378427408001823
33. Teuschler LK, Hertzberg RC (1995) Current and future risk assessment guidelines, policy, and
methods development for chemical mixtures. Toxicology 105(2):137–144. http://www.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0300483X9503207V
Risk Assessment of Human Exposure to Pyrethroids Through Food
257
urban populations in northern Poland. Chemosphere 93(10):2547–2553. http://www.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653513013404
19. Ueda Y, Oda M, Saito I, Hamada R, Kondo T, Kamijima M et al (2018) A sensitive and efficient
procedure for the high-throughput determination of nine urinary metabolites of pyrethroids by
GC-MS/MS and its application in a sample of Japanese children. Anal Bioanal Chem 410
(24):6207–6217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1229-x
20. Trunnelle KJ, Bennett DH, Ahn KC, Schenker MB, Tancredi DJ, Gee SJ et al (2014) Concentrations of the urinary pyrethroid metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid in farm worker families in
the MICASA study. Environ Res 131:153–159. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/
pii/S0013935114000486
21. Zhang J, Hisada A, Yoshinaga J, Shiraishi H, Shimodaira K, Okai T et al (2013) Exposure to
pyrethroids insecticides and serum levels of thyroid-related measures in pregnant women.
Environ Res 127:16–21. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935113001734
22. Corcellas C, Feo ML, Torres JP, Malm O, Ocampo-Duque W, Eljarrat E et al (2012) Pyrethroids in human breast milk: occurrence and nursing daily intake estimation. Environ Int
47:17–22. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412012001195
23. Ji G, Xia Y, Gu A, Shi X, Long Y, Song L et al (2011) Effects of non-occupational
environmental exposure to pyrethroids on semen quality and sperm DNA integrity in Chinese
men. Reprod Toxicol 31(2):171–176. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/
S0890623810003163
24. Toshima H, Suzuki Y, Imai K, Yoshinaga J, Shiraishi H, Mizumoto Y et al (2012) Endocrine
disrupting chemicals in urine of Japanese male partners of subfertile couples: a pilot study on
exposure and semen quality. Int J Hyg Environ Health 215(5):502–506. http://www.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S143846391100157X
25. Jurewicz J, Radwan M, Wielgomas B, Sobala W, Piskunowicz M, Radwan P et al (2015) The
effect of environmental exposure to pyrethroids and DNA damage in human sperm. Syst Biol
Reprod Med 61(1):37–43
26. Shelton JF, Geraghty EM, Tancredi DJ, Delwiche LD, Schmidt RJ, Ritz B et al (2014)
Neurodevelopmental disorders and prenatal residential proximity to agricultural pesticides:
the CHARGE study. Environ Health Perspect 122(10):A266
27. Reardon AM, Perzanowski MS, Whyatt RM, Chew GL, Perera FP, Miller RL (2009) Associations between prenatal pesticide exposure and cough, wheeze, and IgE in early childhood.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 124(4):852–854. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/
S0091674909011555
28. Mawussi G, Sanda K, Merlina G, Pinelli E (2009) Assessment of average exposure to
organochlorine pesticides in southern Togo from water, maize (Zea mays) and cowpea
(Vigna unguiculata). Food Addit Contam Part A 26(3):348–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/
02652030802528343
29. Bempah CK, Agyekum AA, Akuamoa F, Frimpong S, Buah-Kwofie A (2016) Dietary exposure
to chlorinated pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables from Ghanaian markets. J Food
Compos
Anal
46:103–113.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/
S0889157515002525
30. Skovgaard M, Renjel Encinas S, Jensen OC, Andersen JH, Condarco G, Jørs E (2017) Pesticide
residues in commercial lettuce, onion, and potato samples from Bolivia – a threat to public
health? Environ Health Insights 11:1178630217704194. https://doi.org/10.1177/
1178630217704194
31. Rosalind S, Gibson ELF (1999) An interactive 24-hour recall for assessing the adequacy of iron
and zinc intakes in developing countries. ILSI Press, Washington
32. Boobis AR, Ossendorp BC, Banasiak U, Hamey PY, Sebestyen I, Moretto A (2008) Cumulative risk assessment of pesticide residues in food. Toxicol Lett 180(2):137–150. http://www.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378427408001823
33. Teuschler LK, Hertzberg RC (1995) Current and future risk assessment guidelines, policy, and
methods development for chemical mixtures. Toxicology 105(2):137–144. http://www.
sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0300483X9503207V
Risk Assessment of Human Exposure to Pyrethroids Through Food
257