166. Hanai D, Hardstone Yoshimizu M, Scott JG (2018) The insecticide resistance allele kdr-his
has a fitness cost in the absence of insecticide exposure. J Econ Entomol 111(6):2992–2995.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toy300
167. Berticat C, Bonnet J, Duchon S, Agnew P, Weill M, Corbel V (2008) Costs and benefits of
multiple resistance to insecticides for Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. BMC Evol Biol
8:104. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-104
168. Zhao Y, Park Y, Adams ME (2000) Functional and evolutionary consequences of pyrethroid
resistance mutations in S6 transmembrane segments of a voltage-gated sodium channel.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 278(3):516–521. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2000.3832
169. Diop MM, Moiroux N, Chandre F, Martin-Herrou H, Milesi P, Boussari O, Porciani A,
Duchon S, Labbe P, Pennetier C (2015) Behavioral cost & overdominance in Anopheles
gambiae. PLoS One 10(4):e0121755. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121755
170. Van Straalen NM, Timmermans MJTN (2002) Genetic variation in toxicant-stressed
populations: an evaluation of the “genetic erosion” hypothesis. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 8
(5):983–1002. https://doi.org/10.1080/1080-700291905783
171. Markert JA, Champlin DM, Gutjahr-Gobell R, Grear JS, Kuhn A, McGreevy TJ Jr, Roth A,
Bagley MJ, Nacci DE (2010) Population genetic diversity and fitness in multiple environments. BMC Evol Biol 10:205. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-10-205
172. Major KM, Weston DP, Lydy MJ, Huff Hartz KE, Wellborn GA, Manny AR, Poynton HC
(2019) The G119S ace-1 mutation confers adaptive organophosphate resistance in a nontarget
amphipod. Evol Appl 00:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12888
173. Fallang A, Ramsay JM, Sevatdal S, Burka JF, Jewess P, Hammell KL, Horsberg TE (2004)
Evidence for occurrence of an organophosphate-resistant type of acetylcholinesterase in
strains of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kroyer). Pest Manag Sci 60(12):1163–1170.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.932
174. Kaur K, Helgesen KO, Bakke MJ, Horsberg TE (2015) Mechanism behind resistance against
the organophosphate azamethiphos in salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). PLoS One 10
(4):e0124220. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124220
175. Namountougou M, Simard F, Baldet T, Diabate A, Ouedraogo JB, Martin T, Dabire RK
(2012) Multiple insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations from Burkina
Faso, West Africa. PLoS One 7(11):e48412. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048412
176. Marcombe S, Paris M, Paupy C, Bringuier C, Yebakima A, Chandre F, David JP, Corbel V,
Despres L (2013) Insecticide-driven patterns of genetic variation in the dengue vector Aedes
aegypti in Martinique Island. PLoS One 8(10):e77857. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.
0077857
177. Kazachkova N, Meijer J, Ekbom B (2007) Genetic diversity in pollen beetles (Meligethes
aeneus) in Sweden: role of spatial, temporal and insecticide resistance factors. Agric For
Entomol 9(4):259–269. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00345.x
178. Stutz HL, Shiozawa DK, Evans RP (2010) Inferring dispersal of aquatic invertebrates from
genetic variation: a comparative study of an amphipod and mayfly in Great Basin springs. J N
Am Benthol Soc 29(3):1132–1147. https://doi.org/10.1899/09-157.1
179. Burridge LE, Lyons MC, Wong DKH, MacKeigan K, VanGeest JL (2014) The acute lethality
of three anti-sea lice formulations: AlphaMax
®
, Salmosan
®
, and Interox
® Paramove™50 to
lobster and shrimp. Aquaculture 420-421:180–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.
2013.10.041
180. Haya K, Burrdige LE, Davies IM, Ervik A (2005) A review and assessment of environmental
risk of chemicals used for the treatment of sea lice infestations of cultured salmon. In:
Hargrave BT (ed) Environmental effects of marine finfish aquaculture. Handbook of environmental chemistry, vol 5M. Springer, Berlin
181. Ernst W, Doe K, Cook A, Burridge L, Lalonde B, Jackman P, Aubé JG, Page F (2014)
Dispersion and toxicity to non-target crustaceans of azamethiphos and deltamethrin after sea
lice treatments on farmed salmon, Salmo salar. Aquaculture 424–425:104–112. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.12.017
The Ecological and Evolutionary Implications of Pyrethroid Exposure: A New. . .
147
has a fitness cost in the absence of insecticide exposure. J Econ Entomol 111(6):2992–2995.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toy300
167. Berticat C, Bonnet J, Duchon S, Agnew P, Weill M, Corbel V (2008) Costs and benefits of
multiple resistance to insecticides for Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. BMC Evol Biol
8:104. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-104
168. Zhao Y, Park Y, Adams ME (2000) Functional and evolutionary consequences of pyrethroid
resistance mutations in S6 transmembrane segments of a voltage-gated sodium channel.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 278(3):516–521. https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2000.3832
169. Diop MM, Moiroux N, Chandre F, Martin-Herrou H, Milesi P, Boussari O, Porciani A,
Duchon S, Labbe P, Pennetier C (2015) Behavioral cost & overdominance in Anopheles
gambiae. PLoS One 10(4):e0121755. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121755
170. Van Straalen NM, Timmermans MJTN (2002) Genetic variation in toxicant-stressed
populations: an evaluation of the “genetic erosion” hypothesis. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 8
(5):983–1002. https://doi.org/10.1080/1080-700291905783
171. Markert JA, Champlin DM, Gutjahr-Gobell R, Grear JS, Kuhn A, McGreevy TJ Jr, Roth A,
Bagley MJ, Nacci DE (2010) Population genetic diversity and fitness in multiple environments. BMC Evol Biol 10:205. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-10-205
172. Major KM, Weston DP, Lydy MJ, Huff Hartz KE, Wellborn GA, Manny AR, Poynton HC
(2019) The G119S ace-1 mutation confers adaptive organophosphate resistance in a nontarget
amphipod. Evol Appl 00:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12888
173. Fallang A, Ramsay JM, Sevatdal S, Burka JF, Jewess P, Hammell KL, Horsberg TE (2004)
Evidence for occurrence of an organophosphate-resistant type of acetylcholinesterase in
strains of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis Kroyer). Pest Manag Sci 60(12):1163–1170.
https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.932
174. Kaur K, Helgesen KO, Bakke MJ, Horsberg TE (2015) Mechanism behind resistance against
the organophosphate azamethiphos in salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). PLoS One 10
(4):e0124220. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124220
175. Namountougou M, Simard F, Baldet T, Diabate A, Ouedraogo JB, Martin T, Dabire RK
(2012) Multiple insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations from Burkina
Faso, West Africa. PLoS One 7(11):e48412. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048412
176. Marcombe S, Paris M, Paupy C, Bringuier C, Yebakima A, Chandre F, David JP, Corbel V,
Despres L (2013) Insecticide-driven patterns of genetic variation in the dengue vector Aedes
aegypti in Martinique Island. PLoS One 8(10):e77857. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.
0077857
177. Kazachkova N, Meijer J, Ekbom B (2007) Genetic diversity in pollen beetles (Meligethes
aeneus) in Sweden: role of spatial, temporal and insecticide resistance factors. Agric For
Entomol 9(4):259–269. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9563.2007.00345.x
178. Stutz HL, Shiozawa DK, Evans RP (2010) Inferring dispersal of aquatic invertebrates from
genetic variation: a comparative study of an amphipod and mayfly in Great Basin springs. J N
Am Benthol Soc 29(3):1132–1147. https://doi.org/10.1899/09-157.1
179. Burridge LE, Lyons MC, Wong DKH, MacKeigan K, VanGeest JL (2014) The acute lethality
of three anti-sea lice formulations: AlphaMax
®
, Salmosan
®
, and Interox
® Paramove™50 to
lobster and shrimp. Aquaculture 420-421:180–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.
2013.10.041
180. Haya K, Burrdige LE, Davies IM, Ervik A (2005) A review and assessment of environmental
risk of chemicals used for the treatment of sea lice infestations of cultured salmon. In:
Hargrave BT (ed) Environmental effects of marine finfish aquaculture. Handbook of environmental chemistry, vol 5M. Springer, Berlin
181. Ernst W, Doe K, Cook A, Burridge L, Lalonde B, Jackman P, Aubé JG, Page F (2014)
Dispersion and toxicity to non-target crustaceans of azamethiphos and deltamethrin after sea
lice treatments on farmed salmon, Salmo salar. Aquaculture 424–425:104–112. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.12.017
The Ecological and Evolutionary Implications of Pyrethroid Exposure: A New. . .
147