Role of Science, Technology
and Innovation in Addressing Climate
Change Challenges in Egypt
Mohamed A. S. Abdel Monem and Ismail A. El Ghandour
Abstract Science has been approaching atmosphere, change in global temperature,
oceans and seas for a long time; however as the climate change becoming a serious man made environmental challenge with its serious impact on livelihood, the
role of science and new innovations and technologies became even more important
than ever. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific
body for the assessment of climate change, established to provide the world with
a clear scientific view on the current state of climate change and its potential environmental and socio-economic consequences. The IPCC reviews and assesses the
most recent scientific, technical and socio-economic information produced worldwide relevant to the understanding of climate change. Thousands of scientists from
all over the world contribute to the work of the IPCC on a voluntary basis. It has
been well established scientifically that The Near East and North Africa (NENA)
region is one of the most vulnerable regions to climatic change. The ‘Regional Initiative for the Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources
and Socio-Economic Vulnerability in the Arab Region’ RICCAR was initiated for
a close scientific observation on the impact of climate change on the Region based
on modeling and expected scenarios.To cope with the impact of climate change on
agricultural sectors, new technologies and innovations have been tested and verified
by agricultural research initiatives that contributes to the climate change adaptation
efforts and enable the farmers and policy-makers to draw their strategies and actions
to face climate change impacts. These efforts include integrating heat, drought, and
salinity tolerance traits through genetic improvement into the crop and horticultural
varieties. Similar breeding techniques have been used in the livestock sector. Crop
simulation models can predict key crop characteristics over a wide range of climatic
M. A. S. Abdel Monem · I. A. El Ghandour (B)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), P.O. Box: 2223, Dokki, Cairo,
Egypt
e-mail: ismailelghandour@yahoo.co.uk
M. A. S. Abdel Monem
e-mail: mohamed.abdelmonem@fao.org
M. A. S. Abdel Monem
Soil & Water Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, P.O.
Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
E.-S. E. Omran and A. M. Negm (eds.), Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Food
Security in Egypt, Springer Water, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41629-4_4
59
and Innovation in Addressing Climate
Change Challenges in Egypt
Mohamed A. S. Abdel Monem and Ismail A. El Ghandour
Abstract Science has been approaching atmosphere, change in global temperature,
oceans and seas for a long time; however as the climate change becoming a serious man made environmental challenge with its serious impact on livelihood, the
role of science and new innovations and technologies became even more important
than ever. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific
body for the assessment of climate change, established to provide the world with
a clear scientific view on the current state of climate change and its potential environmental and socio-economic consequences. The IPCC reviews and assesses the
most recent scientific, technical and socio-economic information produced worldwide relevant to the understanding of climate change. Thousands of scientists from
all over the world contribute to the work of the IPCC on a voluntary basis. It has
been well established scientifically that The Near East and North Africa (NENA)
region is one of the most vulnerable regions to climatic change. The ‘Regional Initiative for the Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources
and Socio-Economic Vulnerability in the Arab Region’ RICCAR was initiated for
a close scientific observation on the impact of climate change on the Region based
on modeling and expected scenarios.To cope with the impact of climate change on
agricultural sectors, new technologies and innovations have been tested and verified
by agricultural research initiatives that contributes to the climate change adaptation
efforts and enable the farmers and policy-makers to draw their strategies and actions
to face climate change impacts. These efforts include integrating heat, drought, and
salinity tolerance traits through genetic improvement into the crop and horticultural
varieties. Similar breeding techniques have been used in the livestock sector. Crop
simulation models can predict key crop characteristics over a wide range of climatic
M. A. S. Abdel Monem · I. A. El Ghandour (B)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), P.O. Box: 2223, Dokki, Cairo,
Egypt
e-mail: ismailelghandour@yahoo.co.uk
M. A. S. Abdel Monem
e-mail: mohamed.abdelmonem@fao.org
M. A. S. Abdel Monem
Soil & Water Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, P.O.
Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
E.-S. E. Omran and A. M. Negm (eds.), Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Food
Security in Egypt, Springer Water, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41629-4_4
59