An Overview of Paleo-Climate Evidence in Egypt
39
25. Ernst RE (2014) Large igneous Provinces. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 653p
26. Wignall PB (2005) The link between large igneous province eruptions and mass extinctions.
Elements 1:293–297
27. Jones DS, Martini AM, Fike DA, Kaiho K (2017) A volcanic trigger for the Late Ordovician
mass extinction? Mercury data from south China and Laurentia: Geology 45(7):631–634
28. Grasby SE, Beauchamp B, Knies J (2016) Early Triassic productivity crises delayed recovery from world’s worst mass extinction. Geology 44(9):779–782. https://doi.org/10.1130/
g38141.1
29. Grasby SE, Sanei H, Beauchamp B, Chen ZH (2013) Mercury deposition through the PermoTriassic biotic crisis. Chem Geol 351:209–216
30. Sanei H, Grasby SE, Beauchamp B (2012) Latest Permian mercury anomalies. Geology
40:63–66
31. Percival LME, Witt MLI, Mather TA, Hermoso M, Jenkyns HC, Hesselbo SP, Al-Suwaidi
AH, Storm MS, Xu W, Ruhl M (2015) Globally enhanced mercury deposition during the
end-Pliensbachian extinction and Toarcian OAE: A link to the Karoo Ferrar large igneous
Province. Earth Planet Sci Lett 428:267–280
32. Thibodeau AM, Bergquist BA (2017) Do mercury isotopes record the signature of massive
volcanism in marine sedimentary records? Geology 45:95–96
33. Thibodeau AM, Ritterbush K, Yager JA, West J, Ibarra Y, Bottjer DJ, Berelson WM, Bergquist
BA, Corsetti FA (2016) Mercury anomalies and the timing of biotic recovery following the
end-Triassic mass extinction. Nat Commun 7(11147). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11147
34. Charbonnier G, Morales C, Duchamp-Alphonse S, Westermann S, Adatte T, Föllmi KB (2017)
Mercury enrichment indicates volcanic triggering of Valanginian environmental change. Sci
Rep 7:40808. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep40808
35. Bond DP, Grasby SE (2017) On the causes of mass extinctions. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol
Palaeoecol 478:3–29
36. Courtillot V (2002) Evolutionary catastrophes: the science of mass extinction. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge
37. Font E, Adatte T, Sial AN, Lacerda LD, Keller G, Punekar J (2016) Mercury anomaly, Deccan
volcanism and the end-cretaceous mass extinction. Geology 44:171–174
38. Punekar J, Keller G, Khozyem H, Hamming C, Adatte T, Tantawy AA, Spangenberg JE (2014)
Late Maastrichtian-early Danian high-stress environments and delayed recovery linked to
Deccan volcanism. Cretac Res 49:63–82
39. Wignall PB (2001) Large igneous provinces and mass extinctions. Earth Sci Rev 53:1–33
40. Khozyem H, Adatte T, Mbabi Bitchong A, Mahmoud A, Keller G (2017) The role of volcanism
(North Atlantic Igneous province) In: The PETM events revealed by mercury anomalies. GSA
Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, vol 49(6)
41. Khozyem H, Adatte T, Mbabi BA, Chevalier Y, Keller G (2016) Paleocene-Eocene thermal
maximum triggered by volcanism? Evidence from mercury anomalies. GSA Annual Meeting
in Denver, Colorado, USA—2016 Paper No. 106-2
42. Kurtz AC, KumP LR, Arthur MA, ZachoS JC, Paytan A (2003) Early Cenozoic decoupling
of the global carbon and sulfur cycles: Paleoceanography 18:1090. https://doi.org/10.1029/
2003pa000908
43. Svensen H, Planke S, Corfu F (2010) Zircon dating ties NE Atlantic sill emplacement to initial
Eocene global warming. J Geol Soc Lond 167:433–436
44. Svensen H, Planke S, Malthe-Sorenssen A, Jamtveit B, Myklebust R et al (2004) Release of
methane from a volcanic basin as a mechanism for initial Eocene global warming. Nature
429:542–545
45. Westerhold T, Röhl U, McCarren H, Zachos J (2009) Latest on the absolute age of the
Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM): new insights from exact stratigraphic position
of key ash layers + 19 and—17. Earth Planet Sci Lett 287(3–4):412–419
46. Higgins JA, Schrag DP (2006) Beyond methane: towards a theory for the Paleocene-Eocene
thermal maximum. Earth Planet Sci Lett 245:523–537
39
25. Ernst RE (2014) Large igneous Provinces. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 653p
26. Wignall PB (2005) The link between large igneous province eruptions and mass extinctions.
Elements 1:293–297
27. Jones DS, Martini AM, Fike DA, Kaiho K (2017) A volcanic trigger for the Late Ordovician
mass extinction? Mercury data from south China and Laurentia: Geology 45(7):631–634
28. Grasby SE, Beauchamp B, Knies J (2016) Early Triassic productivity crises delayed recovery from world’s worst mass extinction. Geology 44(9):779–782. https://doi.org/10.1130/
g38141.1
29. Grasby SE, Sanei H, Beauchamp B, Chen ZH (2013) Mercury deposition through the PermoTriassic biotic crisis. Chem Geol 351:209–216
30. Sanei H, Grasby SE, Beauchamp B (2012) Latest Permian mercury anomalies. Geology
40:63–66
31. Percival LME, Witt MLI, Mather TA, Hermoso M, Jenkyns HC, Hesselbo SP, Al-Suwaidi
AH, Storm MS, Xu W, Ruhl M (2015) Globally enhanced mercury deposition during the
end-Pliensbachian extinction and Toarcian OAE: A link to the Karoo Ferrar large igneous
Province. Earth Planet Sci Lett 428:267–280
32. Thibodeau AM, Bergquist BA (2017) Do mercury isotopes record the signature of massive
volcanism in marine sedimentary records? Geology 45:95–96
33. Thibodeau AM, Ritterbush K, Yager JA, West J, Ibarra Y, Bottjer DJ, Berelson WM, Bergquist
BA, Corsetti FA (2016) Mercury anomalies and the timing of biotic recovery following the
end-Triassic mass extinction. Nat Commun 7(11147). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11147
34. Charbonnier G, Morales C, Duchamp-Alphonse S, Westermann S, Adatte T, Föllmi KB (2017)
Mercury enrichment indicates volcanic triggering of Valanginian environmental change. Sci
Rep 7:40808. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep40808
35. Bond DP, Grasby SE (2017) On the causes of mass extinctions. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol
Palaeoecol 478:3–29
36. Courtillot V (2002) Evolutionary catastrophes: the science of mass extinction. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge
37. Font E, Adatte T, Sial AN, Lacerda LD, Keller G, Punekar J (2016) Mercury anomaly, Deccan
volcanism and the end-cretaceous mass extinction. Geology 44:171–174
38. Punekar J, Keller G, Khozyem H, Hamming C, Adatte T, Tantawy AA, Spangenberg JE (2014)
Late Maastrichtian-early Danian high-stress environments and delayed recovery linked to
Deccan volcanism. Cretac Res 49:63–82
39. Wignall PB (2001) Large igneous provinces and mass extinctions. Earth Sci Rev 53:1–33
40. Khozyem H, Adatte T, Mbabi Bitchong A, Mahmoud A, Keller G (2017) The role of volcanism
(North Atlantic Igneous province) In: The PETM events revealed by mercury anomalies. GSA
Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, vol 49(6)
41. Khozyem H, Adatte T, Mbabi BA, Chevalier Y, Keller G (2016) Paleocene-Eocene thermal
maximum triggered by volcanism? Evidence from mercury anomalies. GSA Annual Meeting
in Denver, Colorado, USA—2016 Paper No. 106-2
42. Kurtz AC, KumP LR, Arthur MA, ZachoS JC, Paytan A (2003) Early Cenozoic decoupling
of the global carbon and sulfur cycles: Paleoceanography 18:1090. https://doi.org/10.1029/
2003pa000908
43. Svensen H, Planke S, Corfu F (2010) Zircon dating ties NE Atlantic sill emplacement to initial
Eocene global warming. J Geol Soc Lond 167:433–436
44. Svensen H, Planke S, Malthe-Sorenssen A, Jamtveit B, Myklebust R et al (2004) Release of
methane from a volcanic basin as a mechanism for initial Eocene global warming. Nature
429:542–545
45. Westerhold T, Röhl U, McCarren H, Zachos J (2009) Latest on the absolute age of the
Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM): new insights from exact stratigraphic position
of key ash layers + 19 and—17. Earth Planet Sci Lett 287(3–4):412–419
46. Higgins JA, Schrag DP (2006) Beyond methane: towards a theory for the Paleocene-Eocene
thermal maximum. Earth Planet Sci Lett 245:523–537