Introduction to “Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Food Security in Egypt”
13
The second objective was to propose Nano-natural (plants and minerals) extract
for RPW treatment and cure. Nano-minerals were used and prepared in natural
leaves extract to control RPW, which is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly
method. The nanoparticle minerals were used and prepared in Moringa oleifera
leaves extract to control RPW. Nano-minerals extract (NME) drastically decreased
developmental stages of R. ferrugineus. The compound is a 100% natural solution.
It is derived from natural plants and minerals that can significantly aid in controlling
RPW. Also, it is safe to use on all plants and crops including natives.
The third objective was to propose a Nano-ultrasonic system to prevent the date
palm field from infected RPW. Ultra-sonic sensors were used to prevent the RPW to
attack the date palm trees. Unlike traditional methods, which are time-consuming,
and labor intensive, this system offers the advantages of keeping the palm trees intact;
reduce costs, as well as saving time and money in the process of pest’s infestation
detection.
The smart farming theme ends with the chapter titled “Facing Climate Change:
Urban Gardening and Sustainable Agriculture” to demonstrate how every person or
every official in the municipality or community can play a role in mitigating climate
change. Either by reducing emissions from his activities or by reducing the levels of
incoming emissions through sustainable gardening. Managers must follow the right
scientific methods for choosing the appropriate garden plants or following the agricultural practices that reduce emission levels. Measures to combat climate change
encompasses two primary titles: removal of the maximum greenhouse effective gases
and decreasing causes of greenhouse gas emissions. The direct greenhouse gases are
carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane. Nitrous oxide is approximately 300 and
methane around 30 times than carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere. Climate change affects and is affected by all communities, but its treatment must begin
with the actions of individuals. Trees in the urban area strongly reduce pedestrian
level heat stress by absorbing and reflecting solar irradiance.
Vegetation in gardens is one of the most important components affecting climate change. Urban gardening, mainly consist of trees resource, is a valuable asset.
Trees’ benefits to the human being were most pronounced in their contribution to
environmental benefits. Thus, plants in gardens were found to provide a particularly
important function in mitigating climate change and maintaining the environmental
quality of communities.
Gardeners can help lessen the global warming pollutants associated with waste
disposal by turning leaves, grass, woody garden clippings, and dead garden waste into
mulch or compost, then using it in the garden. Recycling these wastes will not only
reduce methane emissions from landfills but also improve the garden’s soil and help
it store carbon. One of the innovative methods that reduce greenhouse gas emissions
is to make and use biochar. Because nitrous oxides are an important greenhouse gas,
better management of nitrogen fertilizers can reduce its emissions. The four main
management factors that help reduce nitrous oxide emissions from applied nitrogen
fertilizer are commonly known as the 4R’s: right application rate; right formulation
(fertilizer type); right timing of application; right placement at the plant’s root zone
as possible.
13
The second objective was to propose Nano-natural (plants and minerals) extract
for RPW treatment and cure. Nano-minerals were used and prepared in natural
leaves extract to control RPW, which is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly
method. The nanoparticle minerals were used and prepared in Moringa oleifera
leaves extract to control RPW. Nano-minerals extract (NME) drastically decreased
developmental stages of R. ferrugineus. The compound is a 100% natural solution.
It is derived from natural plants and minerals that can significantly aid in controlling
RPW. Also, it is safe to use on all plants and crops including natives.
The third objective was to propose a Nano-ultrasonic system to prevent the date
palm field from infected RPW. Ultra-sonic sensors were used to prevent the RPW to
attack the date palm trees. Unlike traditional methods, which are time-consuming,
and labor intensive, this system offers the advantages of keeping the palm trees intact;
reduce costs, as well as saving time and money in the process of pest’s infestation
detection.
The smart farming theme ends with the chapter titled “Facing Climate Change:
Urban Gardening and Sustainable Agriculture” to demonstrate how every person or
every official in the municipality or community can play a role in mitigating climate
change. Either by reducing emissions from his activities or by reducing the levels of
incoming emissions through sustainable gardening. Managers must follow the right
scientific methods for choosing the appropriate garden plants or following the agricultural practices that reduce emission levels. Measures to combat climate change
encompasses two primary titles: removal of the maximum greenhouse effective gases
and decreasing causes of greenhouse gas emissions. The direct greenhouse gases are
carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane. Nitrous oxide is approximately 300 and
methane around 30 times than carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere. Climate change affects and is affected by all communities, but its treatment must begin
with the actions of individuals. Trees in the urban area strongly reduce pedestrian
level heat stress by absorbing and reflecting solar irradiance.
Vegetation in gardens is one of the most important components affecting climate change. Urban gardening, mainly consist of trees resource, is a valuable asset.
Trees’ benefits to the human being were most pronounced in their contribution to
environmental benefits. Thus, plants in gardens were found to provide a particularly
important function in mitigating climate change and maintaining the environmental
quality of communities.
Gardeners can help lessen the global warming pollutants associated with waste
disposal by turning leaves, grass, woody garden clippings, and dead garden waste into
mulch or compost, then using it in the garden. Recycling these wastes will not only
reduce methane emissions from landfills but also improve the garden’s soil and help
it store carbon. One of the innovative methods that reduce greenhouse gas emissions
is to make and use biochar. Because nitrous oxides are an important greenhouse gas,
better management of nitrogen fertilizers can reduce its emissions. The four main
management factors that help reduce nitrous oxide emissions from applied nitrogen
fertilizer are commonly known as the 4R’s: right application rate; right formulation
(fertilizer type); right timing of application; right placement at the plant’s root zone
as possible.