Agricultural Production in Egypt: Assessing Vulnerability …
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• Introduction of breeding programs for the economic field and horticultural crops
to introduce new varieties that are capable of adapting to the expected changes in
climate including gradual temperature increase, high soil salinity, less available
water, resistance to insects and plant disease.
• Development of new short growing crop varieties to reduce their water requirements.
• Expansion of cultivation of crops of economic importance, which can adapt to
climate change (e.g. rice), while taking into account the use of new farming systems
to adapt to changing expectations in water supply and the gradual replacement of
sugar cane by sugar beet.
The research institutions in Egypt contribute to enhancing the adaptive capacity
of the country to cope with impacts of climate change. Colleges of Agriculture in the
Egyptian Universities, The Agricultural Research Center and the Desert Research
Centers are the main pillars of the agricultural research system in Egypt that provide
the scientific bases for impact of climate change on agricultural sector. In addition
to the National Research Center, The The National Water Research Center, National
Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries and The Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority
and institutes of Environmental studies.
5 Climate Change Adaptation Efforts
Although impact of climate change on agricultural and water sectors in Egypt has
been well documented in the regional and global reports, the national scientific
research institutions did not give the issue the attention it deserves. Changing sowing dates and management practices are among the important measures for climate
change adaptation to cope with its adverse impact. Changing crop varieties to those
tolerant to drought, heat, salinity and pests, and changing crop pattern and rotation
are the most promising adaptation measures at the national level. Using low efficient
irrigation practices and improved surface irrigation systems with higher efficiencies
and applying deficit irrigation are considered as important adaptation measures that
contribute to cope the impact of climate change.
Efforts have been done to improve the current low productivity of livestock in
Egypt under the drought and heat stress as well as considering their feeding programs.
However, there is no clear adaption measures have been identified for the fisheries.
More studies should be conducted as well as tools and guidelines should be developed
to address assessment and impact of climate change as well as proposing adaptation
measures.
In addition research and innovation; capacity development and awareness rising
are important components of any program or project that will address climate change
in Egypt.
219
• Introduction of breeding programs for the economic field and horticultural crops
to introduce new varieties that are capable of adapting to the expected changes in
climate including gradual temperature increase, high soil salinity, less available
water, resistance to insects and plant disease.
• Development of new short growing crop varieties to reduce their water requirements.
• Expansion of cultivation of crops of economic importance, which can adapt to
climate change (e.g. rice), while taking into account the use of new farming systems
to adapt to changing expectations in water supply and the gradual replacement of
sugar cane by sugar beet.
The research institutions in Egypt contribute to enhancing the adaptive capacity
of the country to cope with impacts of climate change. Colleges of Agriculture in the
Egyptian Universities, The Agricultural Research Center and the Desert Research
Centers are the main pillars of the agricultural research system in Egypt that provide
the scientific bases for impact of climate change on agricultural sector. In addition
to the National Research Center, The The National Water Research Center, National
Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries and The Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority
and institutes of Environmental studies.
5 Climate Change Adaptation Efforts
Although impact of climate change on agricultural and water sectors in Egypt has
been well documented in the regional and global reports, the national scientific
research institutions did not give the issue the attention it deserves. Changing sowing dates and management practices are among the important measures for climate
change adaptation to cope with its adverse impact. Changing crop varieties to those
tolerant to drought, heat, salinity and pests, and changing crop pattern and rotation
are the most promising adaptation measures at the national level. Using low efficient
irrigation practices and improved surface irrigation systems with higher efficiencies
and applying deficit irrigation are considered as important adaptation measures that
contribute to cope the impact of climate change.
Efforts have been done to improve the current low productivity of livestock in
Egypt under the drought and heat stress as well as considering their feeding programs.
However, there is no clear adaption measures have been identified for the fisheries.
More studies should be conducted as well as tools and guidelines should be developed
to address assessment and impact of climate change as well as proposing adaptation
measures.
In addition research and innovation; capacity development and awareness rising
are important components of any program or project that will address climate change
in Egypt.