Table 3 Maximum concentrations of NSAIDs in surface waters of rivers reported in concentrations within the range of nanograms per liter (ng/L)
NSAID
measured
Maximum level
reported (ng/L)
River and site
References
Acetaminophen 264
Thames River, England
[27]
Acetylsalicylic
acid
0.5
Edo River, Japan
[28]
Diclofenac
3,560
Rivers of Western Ukraine
[29]
1,080
Elbe River, Czech Republic
[30]
900
Rhine River, Europe
[31]
432
Aisonas, Greece
[32]
370
Elbe River, Germany
[5]
166
Danube River, Romania
[33]
150
Shijing River, China
[19]
65
Vantaa River, Finland
[34]
35
Päijänne Lake, Finland
[34]
17
Tiber and Aniene Rivers, Italy
[35]
10
Klang River, Malaysia
[36]
2
Edo River, Japan
[28]
0.025
Rivers of Tehran, Iran
[37]
Etodolac
0.3
Naruo-shin River, Japan
[38]
Felbinac
10
Edo River, Japan
[28]
Ibuprofen
3,210
Elbe River, Czech Republic
[30]
783
Thames River, England
[27]
723
Lima River, Portugal
[39]
685
Shijing River, China
[19]
288
Pearl River, China
[20]
114.9
Rivers of the North Channel Basin,
Beijing China
[40]
120
Rhine River, Europe
[31]
62.3
Qiantang River, China
[41]
58
Danube River, Romania
[33]
33
Vantaa River, Finland
[34]
31
Päijänne Lake, Finland
[34]
22
Aisonas, Greece
[32]
20
Tiber and Aniene Rivers, Italy
[35]
17.4
Lambro River, Italy
[42]
1
Edo River, Japan
[28]
0.31
Rivers of Tehran, Iran
[37]
Indomethacin
210
Rhine River, Europe
[31]
7.7
Danube River, Romania
[33]
0.7
Naruo-Shin River, Japan
[38]
0.04
Rivers of Tehran, Iran
[37]
Ketoprofen
929.8
Elbe River, Czech Republic
[30]
66
Aisonas, Greece
[32]
(continued)
Worldwide Occurrence, Detection, and Fate of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory. . .
63