11. Mulholland A (2018) Prescription Cost Analysis Northern Ireland 2017. Information and
Registration Unit Family Practitioner Services Business Services Organization, Belfast. http://
www.hscbusiness.hscni.net/services/3032.htm
12. National Statistics Ystadegau Gwladol (2018) Prescriptions dispensed in the community:
2017. Welsh Government, Cardiff. https://gov.wales/sites/default/files/statistics-andresearch/2018-12/180523-prescriptions-dispensed-community-2017-en.pdf
13. Information Services Division National Services Scotland (2018) Prescribing & medicines:
dispenser payments and prescription cost analysis. NHS National Services Scotland, Scotland.
https://www.isdscotland.org/Health-Topics/Prescribing-and-Medicines/Community-Dispens
ing/Prescription-Cost-Analysis/
14. Zorginstituut Nederland (2018) GIP Database. https://www.gipdatabank.nl/databank#/g//85_
dia/vs/bijlage
15. Socialstyrelsen (2018) Statistics database for drugs. http://www.socialstyrelsen.se/statistik/
statistikdatabas/lakemedel
16. Sundhedsdata-Styrelsen (2018) Medstat.dk. http://www.medstat.dk/en
17. Kwok CS, Loke YK (2010) Critical overview on the benefits and harms of aspirin. Pharmaceuticals 3(5):1491–1506
18. Seidu S, Kunutsor SK, Sesso HD, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Roncaglioni MC, Khunti K (2019)
Aspirin has potential benefits for primary prevention of cardiovascular outcomes in diabetes:
updated literature-based and individual participant data meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Cardiovasc Diabetol 18(1):70
19. Jóźwiak-Bebenista M, Nowak JZ (2014) Paracetamol: mechanism of action, applications and
safety concern. Acta Pol Pharm 71(1):11–23
20. Eichelbaum M, Sonntag B, Dengler HJ (1981) HPLC determination of antipyrine metabolites.
Pharmacology 23(4):192–202
21. Forrest JA, Clements JA, Prescott LF (1982) Clinical pharmacokinetics of paracetamol. Clin
Pharmacokinetics 7(2):93–107
22. Reidl U (1983) Determination of acetylsalicylic acid and metabolites in biological fluids by
high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B 272:325–331
23. Volland C, Sun H, Benet LZ (1990) Stereoselective analysis of fenoprofen and its metabolites.
J Chromatogr B 534:127–138
24. Davies NM, Anderson KE (1997) Clinical pharmacokinetics of naproxen. Clin Pharmacokinetics 32(4):268–293
25. Davies NM, Anderson KE (1997) Clinical pharmacokinetics of diclofenac. Clin Pharmacokinetics 33(3):184–213
26. Tang W (2003) The metabolism of diclofenac-enzymology and toxicology perspectives. Curr
Drug Metab 4(4):319–329
27. Davies NM (1998) Clinical pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen. Clin Pharmacokinetics 34
(2):101–154
28. Nakajima M, Inoue T, Shimada N, Tokudome S, Yamamoto T, Kuroiwa Y (1998) Cytochrome P450 2C9 Catalyzes IndomethacinO-Demethylation in human liver microsomes. Drug
Metab Dispos 26(3):261–266
29. Bernareggi A (2001) Clinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of nimesulide.
Inflammopharmacology 9(1-2):81–89
30. Grillo MP, Lohr MT, Wait JC (2012) Metabolic activation of mefenamic acid leading to
mefenamyl-S-acyl-glutathione adduct formation in vitro and in vivo in rat. Drug Metab Dispos
40(8):1515–1526
31. Skordi E, Wilson ID, Lindon JC, Nicholson JK (2004) Characterization and quantification of
metabolites of racemic ketoprofen excreted in urine following oral administration to man by
1H-NMR spectroscopy, directly coupled HPLC-MS and HPLC-NMR, and circular dichroism.
Xenobiotica 34(11–12):1075–1089
32. Ternes TA (1998) Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatment plants and rivers. Water
Res 32(11):3245–3260
34
G. A. Elizalde-Velázquez and L. M. Gómez-Oliván
Registration Unit Family Practitioner Services Business Services Organization, Belfast. http://
www.hscbusiness.hscni.net/services/3032.htm
12. National Statistics Ystadegau Gwladol (2018) Prescriptions dispensed in the community:
2017. Welsh Government, Cardiff. https://gov.wales/sites/default/files/statistics-andresearch/2018-12/180523-prescriptions-dispensed-community-2017-en.pdf
13. Information Services Division National Services Scotland (2018) Prescribing & medicines:
dispenser payments and prescription cost analysis. NHS National Services Scotland, Scotland.
https://www.isdscotland.org/Health-Topics/Prescribing-and-Medicines/Community-Dispens
ing/Prescription-Cost-Analysis/
14. Zorginstituut Nederland (2018) GIP Database. https://www.gipdatabank.nl/databank#/g//85_
dia/vs/bijlage
15. Socialstyrelsen (2018) Statistics database for drugs. http://www.socialstyrelsen.se/statistik/
statistikdatabas/lakemedel
16. Sundhedsdata-Styrelsen (2018) Medstat.dk. http://www.medstat.dk/en
17. Kwok CS, Loke YK (2010) Critical overview on the benefits and harms of aspirin. Pharmaceuticals 3(5):1491–1506
18. Seidu S, Kunutsor SK, Sesso HD, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, Roncaglioni MC, Khunti K (2019)
Aspirin has potential benefits for primary prevention of cardiovascular outcomes in diabetes:
updated literature-based and individual participant data meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Cardiovasc Diabetol 18(1):70
19. Jóźwiak-Bebenista M, Nowak JZ (2014) Paracetamol: mechanism of action, applications and
safety concern. Acta Pol Pharm 71(1):11–23
20. Eichelbaum M, Sonntag B, Dengler HJ (1981) HPLC determination of antipyrine metabolites.
Pharmacology 23(4):192–202
21. Forrest JA, Clements JA, Prescott LF (1982) Clinical pharmacokinetics of paracetamol. Clin
Pharmacokinetics 7(2):93–107
22. Reidl U (1983) Determination of acetylsalicylic acid and metabolites in biological fluids by
high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B 272:325–331
23. Volland C, Sun H, Benet LZ (1990) Stereoselective analysis of fenoprofen and its metabolites.
J Chromatogr B 534:127–138
24. Davies NM, Anderson KE (1997) Clinical pharmacokinetics of naproxen. Clin Pharmacokinetics 32(4):268–293
25. Davies NM, Anderson KE (1997) Clinical pharmacokinetics of diclofenac. Clin Pharmacokinetics 33(3):184–213
26. Tang W (2003) The metabolism of diclofenac-enzymology and toxicology perspectives. Curr
Drug Metab 4(4):319–329
27. Davies NM (1998) Clinical pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen. Clin Pharmacokinetics 34
(2):101–154
28. Nakajima M, Inoue T, Shimada N, Tokudome S, Yamamoto T, Kuroiwa Y (1998) Cytochrome P450 2C9 Catalyzes IndomethacinO-Demethylation in human liver microsomes. Drug
Metab Dispos 26(3):261–266
29. Bernareggi A (2001) Clinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of nimesulide.
Inflammopharmacology 9(1-2):81–89
30. Grillo MP, Lohr MT, Wait JC (2012) Metabolic activation of mefenamic acid leading to
mefenamyl-S-acyl-glutathione adduct formation in vitro and in vivo in rat. Drug Metab Dispos
40(8):1515–1526
31. Skordi E, Wilson ID, Lindon JC, Nicholson JK (2004) Characterization and quantification of
metabolites of racemic ketoprofen excreted in urine following oral administration to man by
1H-NMR spectroscopy, directly coupled HPLC-MS and HPLC-NMR, and circular dichroism.
Xenobiotica 34(11–12):1075–1089
32. Ternes TA (1998) Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatment plants and rivers. Water
Res 32(11):3245–3260
34
G. A. Elizalde-Velázquez and L. M. Gómez-Oliván