Table 12.1 Summary for algal treatment on bioremediation of nutrient in different wastewater
Wastewater Algal species
Nutrient treatment removal
efficiency
References
Secondary
effluent
Chlorella vulgaris
99% N and P removal, reaching
<0.1 ppb after 2 days
Kim et al.
(2013a)
Secondary
effluent
Phormidium sp., C. vulgaris
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii,
and Spilarctia rubescens
99% N and P removal by
Phormidium sp., C. reinhardtii
after 4 days; 99% N and P removal
by C. vulgaris and S. rubescens
after 6 days
Su et al.
(2011)
Piggery
wastewater
C. zofingiensis
Average 70% N and P removal
within 4 days
Zhu et al.
(2013)
Swine
wastewater
C. sorokiniana
20–30% N removal, reaching
2100 ppm after 1 day
Tuantet
et al.
(2014)
Municipal
wastewater
Chlorella sp.
91% NH 4
+ removal, reaching
3.94 ppm after 10 days
Su et al.
(2012)
Municipal
wastewater
C. vulgaris
82% BOD removal, reaching
29.2 ppm after 1 day 83% COD
removal, reaching 46 ppm after1
day
Choi and
Lee (2012)
Artificial
wastewater
C. vulgaris and
Chlamydomonas mexicana
24% bisphenol A removal by
C. mexicana and 23% bisphenol A
removal C. vulgaris during 10 days
Ji et al.
(2014)
Raw
wastewater
C. reinhardtii
86% estrone, 74% 17β-Boldenone,
82% 17α-Boldenone, 99% DEET,
98% PBA, and 98%
4-Nonylphenol removal after
10 days
Zhou et al.
(2014)
Scenedesmus obliquus
88% estrone, 86% 17β-Boldenone,
82% 17α-Boldenone, 99% DEET,
98% PBA, and 98%
4-Nonylphenol removal after
10 days
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
89% estrone, 79% 17β-Boldenone,
83% 17α-Boldenone, 99% DEET,
98% PBA, and 98%
4-Nonylphenol removal after
10 days
C. vulgaris
88% estrone, 86% 17β-Boldenone,
83% 17α-Boldenone, 99% DEET,
98% PBA, and 98%
4-Nonylphenol removal after
10 days
Industry
effluent
Anabaena subcylindrica
Cu 82%, Co 34%, Pb 99%, Mn
99% removal
El-Sheekh
et al.
(2005)
(continued)
286
J.-H. Hwang et al.
Wastewater Algal species
Nutrient treatment removal
efficiency
References
Secondary
effluent
Chlorella vulgaris
99% N and P removal, reaching
<0.1 ppb after 2 days
Kim et al.
(2013a)
Secondary
effluent
Phormidium sp., C. vulgaris
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii,
and Spilarctia rubescens
99% N and P removal by
Phormidium sp., C. reinhardtii
after 4 days; 99% N and P removal
by C. vulgaris and S. rubescens
after 6 days
Su et al.
(2011)
Piggery
wastewater
C. zofingiensis
Average 70% N and P removal
within 4 days
Zhu et al.
(2013)
Swine
wastewater
C. sorokiniana
20–30% N removal, reaching
2100 ppm after 1 day
Tuantet
et al.
(2014)
Municipal
wastewater
Chlorella sp.
91% NH 4
+ removal, reaching
3.94 ppm after 10 days
Su et al.
(2012)
Municipal
wastewater
C. vulgaris
82% BOD removal, reaching
29.2 ppm after 1 day 83% COD
removal, reaching 46 ppm after1
day
Choi and
Lee (2012)
Artificial
wastewater
C. vulgaris and
Chlamydomonas mexicana
24% bisphenol A removal by
C. mexicana and 23% bisphenol A
removal C. vulgaris during 10 days
Ji et al.
(2014)
Raw
wastewater
C. reinhardtii
86% estrone, 74% 17β-Boldenone,
82% 17α-Boldenone, 99% DEET,
98% PBA, and 98%
4-Nonylphenol removal after
10 days
Zhou et al.
(2014)
Scenedesmus obliquus
88% estrone, 86% 17β-Boldenone,
82% 17α-Boldenone, 99% DEET,
98% PBA, and 98%
4-Nonylphenol removal after
10 days
Chlorella pyrenoidosa
89% estrone, 79% 17β-Boldenone,
83% 17α-Boldenone, 99% DEET,
98% PBA, and 98%
4-Nonylphenol removal after
10 days
C. vulgaris
88% estrone, 86% 17β-Boldenone,
83% 17α-Boldenone, 99% DEET,
98% PBA, and 98%
4-Nonylphenol removal after
10 days
Industry
effluent
Anabaena subcylindrica
Cu 82%, Co 34%, Pb 99%, Mn
99% removal
El-Sheekh
et al.
(2005)
(continued)
286
J.-H. Hwang et al.