Table 8.3
Summary of the literature on contaminants removal from soil by microorganisms
Source & adopted
techniques and
reference
Microorganisms
Target contaminant/
Removal achieved (%)
Electrodes Electrolyte
Duration
(d)
Voltage gradient/current
density
Anode/
Cathode
Anolyte
(pH)
Catholyte
(pH)
Agricultural soil
(Choi et al. 2013)
Heterotrophic bacteria and nitratereducing bacteria
Nitrate, 100%
Cast iron/
graphite
1% starch Distilled
water
7
0.5 and 1.0 V/cm, (2 V/cm
higher voltage gradient poor
efficiency).
Agricultural soil
(Choi et al. 2009)
Bacillus
spp.
Nitrate, 100%
Titanium/
graphite
1% starch
(3)
Distilled
water (7.5)
7
2 V/cm
Model aquifers and
soil (Wick et al.
2004)
Sphingomonas
sp. L138, Mycobacterium
frederiksbergense
LB501TG
PAH and petroleum
hydrocarbon
Titaniumiridium
electrodes
0.05 M
Trisacetate
buffer (7)
0.05 M
Trisacetate
buffer (7)
1
2 V/cm
PCP contaminated
soil (Harbottle et al.
2009)
Sphingobium
sp. UG30
Pentachlorophenol/
À13% for anodic side,
75% removal was
achieved in cathodic
side
Graphite
Water
(3–4)
Water (7)
36
3.14 A/m
2
Oil contaminated
soil (Li et al. 2010)
Bacterial collected
from
oil-contaminated
soil
72.6%
Graphite
cylindrical
electrodes
Water
(3.2)
Water
(12.5)
100
1 V/cm
n-hexadecane contaminated soil
(Wang et al. 2016)
The microorganism
isolated from oil
contaminated soil
adjacent to Liaohe
Oil
field
81.5%
Graphite
Deionized
water
Deionized
water
45
1.3 V/cm
206
S. Annamalai and M. Sundaram