Chapter 8
Electro-bioremediation: An Advanced
Remediation Technology for the Treatment
and Management of Contaminated Soil
Sivasankar Annamalai and Maruthamuthu Sundaram
Abstract The world’s soil is being contaminated by various influences such as
urbanization and industrial activities, for instance, the uncontrolled discharge of
industrial wastewater. This chapter is mainly focused on electrokinetic
(EK) techniques for remediation of soil polluted by the textile industry. Electrokinetic technology is employed for the removal of heavy metals and organics by
applied direct electric current, which may induce the movement of pollutants from
the matrix. However, so far only limited studies are available about the treatment of
textile industry-contaminated soil. The present article describes approaches that can
be utilized for the treatment of soils polluted by organic or inorganic compounds.
Therefore, the EK removal of heavy metals, inorganic ions, and various textile dye
contaminants is summarized, and the state-of-the-art is reviewed along with future
trends for EK remediation of contaminated soil.
Keywords Bio-electrokinetics · Contaminated farming soil · Soil fertility · Textile
dyes removal · Saline salt removal
S. Annamalai (*)
Microbial Corrosion and Bio-Environmental Engineering Group, Corrosion and Materials
Protection Division, CSIR – Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi,
Tamil Nadu, India
AcSIR – Academic of Scientific and Innovative Research, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu,
India
M. Sundaram
Microbial Corrosion and Bio-Environmental Engineering Group, Corrosion and Materials
Protection Division, CSIR – Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi,
Tamil Nadu, India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
R. N. Bharagava, G. Saxena (eds.), Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for
Environmental Safety, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3426-9_8
183
Electro-bioremediation: An Advanced
Remediation Technology for the Treatment
and Management of Contaminated Soil
Sivasankar Annamalai and Maruthamuthu Sundaram
Abstract The world’s soil is being contaminated by various influences such as
urbanization and industrial activities, for instance, the uncontrolled discharge of
industrial wastewater. This chapter is mainly focused on electrokinetic
(EK) techniques for remediation of soil polluted by the textile industry. Electrokinetic technology is employed for the removal of heavy metals and organics by
applied direct electric current, which may induce the movement of pollutants from
the matrix. However, so far only limited studies are available about the treatment of
textile industry-contaminated soil. The present article describes approaches that can
be utilized for the treatment of soils polluted by organic or inorganic compounds.
Therefore, the EK removal of heavy metals, inorganic ions, and various textile dye
contaminants is summarized, and the state-of-the-art is reviewed along with future
trends for EK remediation of contaminated soil.
Keywords Bio-electrokinetics · Contaminated farming soil · Soil fertility · Textile
dyes removal · Saline salt removal
S. Annamalai (*)
Microbial Corrosion and Bio-Environmental Engineering Group, Corrosion and Materials
Protection Division, CSIR – Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi,
Tamil Nadu, India
AcSIR – Academic of Scientific and Innovative Research, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu,
India
M. Sundaram
Microbial Corrosion and Bio-Environmental Engineering Group, Corrosion and Materials
Protection Division, CSIR – Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi,
Tamil Nadu, India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
R. N. Bharagava, G. Saxena (eds.), Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for
Environmental Safety, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3426-9_8
183