Local Socio-Economic Dynamics Shaping Forest Ecosystems …
43
Table 3
(continued)
Altitude (a msl) Forest type
Tenure/Institutional
Arrangement
Dynamics leading to
changes in forest
landscapes
Weakness undermining
institutional ability to
address emerging
challenges
Principal opportunities
to address emerging
socio-economic
challenges
2000–3000
Himalayan Dry
Temperate (Conifer
forests)
Mostly Reserve and few
pockets of community
forests/Van Panchayats
and Protected forests
Biomass harvested for
fuelwood, fodder, leaf
litter, NTFPs, charcoal
preparation in some
pockets, encroachment
for agriculture, grazing,
forest fires
Lack of alternative for
energy, low temperature,
poverty, communal
grazing, stall feeding,
temporary transhumants,
Increasing population
pressure though
emigration is also
happening, increasing
livestock population,
lack of alternative
livelihood, fodder
demands, weak forest
governance, less
community
involvements and rights,
corruption, shifting of
cropping patterns from
indigenous to cash
cropping
High eco tourism
potential, Carbon trading
potential, existence of
forest rights act, 2008;
close forest status
assessment; Establishing
Ecodevelopment
committee inlines of
Joint forest Management
for developing
community partnerships;
promotion of LPG as
energy source and also
solar with some subsidy
(continued)