Emission and Performance Analysis
of Four-Stroke Dual-Cylinder Engine
Using Waste Plastic Pyrolysis Oil
as Biodiesel
Milind Dalal, Romin Virani, Pulkit Choudhary, and Ajit Kumar Parwani
Abstract Continuous growth of human population and industrialization has resulted
in increased energy demands. It is very much essential for a country like India,
where 82% of crude petroleum is imported, to reduce dependency on imported fossil
fuel. Besides this, lack of plastic waste management has resulted in a number of
environmental problems. Plastic waste shares 9–12% of the total municipal solid
waste (MSW) and nearly 30% of it hovers on sea’s surface. Therefore, an approach
to convert fuel from waste plastic is proposed to significantly reduce landfilling
of single-use plastics and meet energy requirements. The fuel, known as plastic
biodiesel, was extracted from plastic waste after chemical treatment and pyrolysis
process. Blends of 5–20% of biodiesel with natural diesel were prepared. These
blends were tested on a four-stroke direct injection diesel engine of Mahindra Supro.
The engine was run at different brake power, and performance and emission characteristics were observed. The CO 2 emission was reduced to 6% as compared to diesel.
To reduce NO x emission, 10–15% exhaust gas was recirculated in engine. The CO
emission remained constant at all engine load throughout the experimentation.
Keywords Biodiesel · Plastic pyrolysis oil · Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
1 Introduction
The world’s energy demand is thriving. In India, 84% of oil demand depends on
its imports and is the plan to be reduced to 67% by end of 2022. In order to do
that, finding of new oil reserve along with drop in biofuels with conventional fuel
is important. Biofuels are major renewable energy source which are produced from
M. Dalal (B) · R. Virani · P. Choudhary · A. K. Parwani
Department of Mechanical and Aero-Space Engineering, Institute of Infrastructure Technology
Research and Management, Ahmedabad 380026, India
e-mail: milind.dalal.16m@iitram.ac.in
A. K. Parwani
e-mail: ajitkumar.parwani@iitram.ac.in
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
A. K. Parwani et al. (eds.), Recent Advances in Mechanical Infrastructure,
Lecture Notes in Intelligent Transportation and Infrastructure,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4176-0_28
321
of Four-Stroke Dual-Cylinder Engine
Using Waste Plastic Pyrolysis Oil
as Biodiesel
Milind Dalal, Romin Virani, Pulkit Choudhary, and Ajit Kumar Parwani
Abstract Continuous growth of human population and industrialization has resulted
in increased energy demands. It is very much essential for a country like India,
where 82% of crude petroleum is imported, to reduce dependency on imported fossil
fuel. Besides this, lack of plastic waste management has resulted in a number of
environmental problems. Plastic waste shares 9–12% of the total municipal solid
waste (MSW) and nearly 30% of it hovers on sea’s surface. Therefore, an approach
to convert fuel from waste plastic is proposed to significantly reduce landfilling
of single-use plastics and meet energy requirements. The fuel, known as plastic
biodiesel, was extracted from plastic waste after chemical treatment and pyrolysis
process. Blends of 5–20% of biodiesel with natural diesel were prepared. These
blends were tested on a four-stroke direct injection diesel engine of Mahindra Supro.
The engine was run at different brake power, and performance and emission characteristics were observed. The CO 2 emission was reduced to 6% as compared to diesel.
To reduce NO x emission, 10–15% exhaust gas was recirculated in engine. The CO
emission remained constant at all engine load throughout the experimentation.
Keywords Biodiesel · Plastic pyrolysis oil · Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
1 Introduction
The world’s energy demand is thriving. In India, 84% of oil demand depends on
its imports and is the plan to be reduced to 67% by end of 2022. In order to do
that, finding of new oil reserve along with drop in biofuels with conventional fuel
is important. Biofuels are major renewable energy source which are produced from
M. Dalal (B) · R. Virani · P. Choudhary · A. K. Parwani
Department of Mechanical and Aero-Space Engineering, Institute of Infrastructure Technology
Research and Management, Ahmedabad 380026, India
e-mail: milind.dalal.16m@iitram.ac.in
A. K. Parwani
e-mail: ajitkumar.parwani@iitram.ac.in
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
A. K. Parwani et al. (eds.), Recent Advances in Mechanical Infrastructure,
Lecture Notes in Intelligent Transportation and Infrastructure,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4176-0_28
321