An Effect of Process Parameter on Physical Appearance …
121
also taken higher compared to previously used range and helping to creating an
effective strong bonding. But for getting constant effective bonding in deposited
layer synchronization between three is most important. After using same parameter
window, similar results were obtained which validate the range. So this is the final
set of process parameter, and we can perform various testing and characterization on
it in future.
5 Conclusion
1. Friction surfacing of Al over steel is possible with maintaining a very narrow
range of process parameter.
2. Rotational speed, traverse speed, tilt angle, consumable rod diameter, precleaning of substrate plate are crucial parameter but contact pressure of consumable rod throughout the deposition is also very important to control layer thickness
and efficient bonding.
3. Shape of the ring (consumable rod end during deposition) is helps to produced
the flatten deposition layer continuously.
4. In feed-based control deposition method controlling of consumable rod feed at
starting and during deposition is crucial for uniform deposition.
Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University for
providing technical and experimental facility. The authors would like to thank board of research
in fusion science and technology (BRFST), Institute for plasma research (IPR), Gandhinagar, for
funding under projects (NFP/MAT/A10/04).
References
1. Miranda RM, Gandra J, Vilaca P, Quintino L, Telmo G Santos (2014) Surface modification by
solid state cladding process. Woodhead Publication Ltd., Cambridge
2. van der Stelt A, Friction surface cladding-development of a solid-state cladding process. Ph.D.
thesis, University of twente, Netherlands. ISBN 978-94-91909-09-2
3. De PS, Kumar N, Su JQ, Mishra RS, Fundamental of friction stir welding. ASM International,
pp 186–200
4. Friction stir welding, Chapter 7, AWS Welding handbook, 9.3, pp 212–251
5. Gandra J, Krohn H, Miranda RM, Vilaca P, Quintino L, Santos dos JF (2014) Friction
surfacing—a review. J Mater Process Technol 1062–1093
6. Janakiraman S, UdayaBhat K (2014) On line monitoring of quality of friction surfacing. Adv
Mater Res 875–877
7. Gandra J, Miranda RM, Vilaca P (2012) Performance analysis of Friction surfacing. J Mater
Process Technol1676–1686
8. Chandrasekaran, Bachelor AW, Jana S (1997) Friction surfacing of metal coatings on steel and
aluminum substrate. J Mater Process Technol 449–452
121
also taken higher compared to previously used range and helping to creating an
effective strong bonding. But for getting constant effective bonding in deposited
layer synchronization between three is most important. After using same parameter
window, similar results were obtained which validate the range. So this is the final
set of process parameter, and we can perform various testing and characterization on
it in future.
5 Conclusion
1. Friction surfacing of Al over steel is possible with maintaining a very narrow
range of process parameter.
2. Rotational speed, traverse speed, tilt angle, consumable rod diameter, precleaning of substrate plate are crucial parameter but contact pressure of consumable rod throughout the deposition is also very important to control layer thickness
and efficient bonding.
3. Shape of the ring (consumable rod end during deposition) is helps to produced
the flatten deposition layer continuously.
4. In feed-based control deposition method controlling of consumable rod feed at
starting and during deposition is crucial for uniform deposition.
Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University for
providing technical and experimental facility. The authors would like to thank board of research
in fusion science and technology (BRFST), Institute for plasma research (IPR), Gandhinagar, for
funding under projects (NFP/MAT/A10/04).
References
1. Miranda RM, Gandra J, Vilaca P, Quintino L, Telmo G Santos (2014) Surface modification by
solid state cladding process. Woodhead Publication Ltd., Cambridge
2. van der Stelt A, Friction surface cladding-development of a solid-state cladding process. Ph.D.
thesis, University of twente, Netherlands. ISBN 978-94-91909-09-2
3. De PS, Kumar N, Su JQ, Mishra RS, Fundamental of friction stir welding. ASM International,
pp 186–200
4. Friction stir welding, Chapter 7, AWS Welding handbook, 9.3, pp 212–251
5. Gandra J, Krohn H, Miranda RM, Vilaca P, Quintino L, Santos dos JF (2014) Friction
surfacing—a review. J Mater Process Technol 1062–1093
6. Janakiraman S, UdayaBhat K (2014) On line monitoring of quality of friction surfacing. Adv
Mater Res 875–877
7. Gandra J, Miranda RM, Vilaca P (2012) Performance analysis of Friction surfacing. J Mater
Process Technol1676–1686
8. Chandrasekaran, Bachelor AW, Jana S (1997) Friction surfacing of metal coatings on steel and
aluminum substrate. J Mater Process Technol 449–452