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P. Liu
8.17 Saint-Venant (1797–1886)
Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant (1797–1886) was a French
dynamicist whose main research fields are solid mechanics and fluid
mechanics, especially in material mechanics and elasticity. In the field of elasticity, he proposed to use the semi inverse method to solve the problems of
torsion and bending of the cylinder. The idea of solving is that if the two
kinds of external loads at the end of the cylinder are equivalent in statics,
the difference of stress field in the two cases outside the end is very small. In
1885, J. V. Boussinesq popularized this idea and called it the Saint-Venant
principle. If there is an equilibrium force system (i.e., the resultant force and
moment of resultant force are both zero) in a small range of action of the elastomer, the stress caused by the equilibrium force system in the elastomer far
away from the action area can be ignored. Saint-Venant principle has been
widely used in engineering mechanics for a long time. After 1868, SaintVenant studied the plastic flow of ductile materials and put forward the basic
hypothesis and equation of plastic flow, which he called plastic dynamics. In
the field of fluid mechanics, Saint-Venant listed the basic equations of viscous
incompressible fluid motion in The Study of Fluid Dynamics published in
1843, while the same result of G. G. Stokes was published in 1845. Most of
Saint-Venant’s results were published in the Journal of the French Academy
of Sciences (Fig. 8.17).
Fig. 8.17 Saint–Venant (1797–1886)
P. Liu
8.17 Saint-Venant (1797–1886)
Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant (1797–1886) was a French
dynamicist whose main research fields are solid mechanics and fluid
mechanics, especially in material mechanics and elasticity. In the field of elasticity, he proposed to use the semi inverse method to solve the problems of
torsion and bending of the cylinder. The idea of solving is that if the two
kinds of external loads at the end of the cylinder are equivalent in statics,
the difference of stress field in the two cases outside the end is very small. In
1885, J. V. Boussinesq popularized this idea and called it the Saint-Venant
principle. If there is an equilibrium force system (i.e., the resultant force and
moment of resultant force are both zero) in a small range of action of the elastomer, the stress caused by the equilibrium force system in the elastomer far
away from the action area can be ignored. Saint-Venant principle has been
widely used in engineering mechanics for a long time. After 1868, SaintVenant studied the plastic flow of ductile materials and put forward the basic
hypothesis and equation of plastic flow, which he called plastic dynamics. In
the field of fluid mechanics, Saint-Venant listed the basic equations of viscous
incompressible fluid motion in The Study of Fluid Dynamics published in
1843, while the same result of G. G. Stokes was published in 1845. Most of
Saint-Venant’s results were published in the Journal of the French Academy
of Sciences (Fig. 8.17).
Fig. 8.17 Saint–Venant (1797–1886)