88
P. Liu
Fig. 2.14 Pressure distribution of upper and lower airfoil surfaces
tunnel tests confirmed that the suction of the upper wing surface accounts
for about 60–70% of the total lift of the airfoil.
In 1902, the German mathematician Martin Wihelm Kutta (1867–1944,
as shown in Fig. 2.15) and in 1906, the Russian physicist N. Joukowsky
(1847–1921, as shown in Fig. 2.6) extended the calculation formula of the
lift for the flow around a cylinder with velocity circulation to the flow around
a body of any shape and proposed that the lift will be generated for any object
as long as there is a velocity circulation. The direction of lift is that the flow
direction rotates 90° according to the reverse circulation. Later, it is called
Fig. 2.15 Martin Wihelm Kutta (1867–1944, German mathematician)
P. Liu
Fig. 2.14 Pressure distribution of upper and lower airfoil surfaces
tunnel tests confirmed that the suction of the upper wing surface accounts
for about 60–70% of the total lift of the airfoil.
In 1902, the German mathematician Martin Wihelm Kutta (1867–1944,
as shown in Fig. 2.15) and in 1906, the Russian physicist N. Joukowsky
(1847–1921, as shown in Fig. 2.6) extended the calculation formula of the
lift for the flow around a cylinder with velocity circulation to the flow around
a body of any shape and proposed that the lift will be generated for any object
as long as there is a velocity circulation. The direction of lift is that the flow
direction rotates 90° according to the reverse circulation. Later, it is called
Fig. 2.15 Martin Wihelm Kutta (1867–1944, German mathematician)