Euclidean space 37
Euler’s theorem 111
fabric
diagram of 64
failure criterion
Griffith 369
Coulomb 358
failure surface 345
fault
normal 70
reverse 70
strike-slip 72
termination of 13
thrust 256
tipline of 13
fault-plane solution 228
fluid
anisotropic viscous 481
power-law 389, 423, 426
linear viscous 282, 385,
fold
antiformal 114
axial surface of 92
axis of 80, 92
chevron 168, 418
cylindrical 81, 92
dominant wavelength of 407
hinge of 92
single layer 403
synformal 114
foliation 64
forward problem 153
force
body 196
resultant 245, 250
surface 196
flow
antiplane 388
barotropic 183
laminar 137
plane 388
steady 138, 165, 265, 386, 388
turbulent 137
flux
mass 267
momentum 270
fracture
extension 334
hydraulic 234
mechanics of 356
modes of 371,372
opening 237, 239, 354, 371
potential shear 358, 360
propagation of 354
shear 334
sliding 372
splitting 334
tearing 372
fracture toughness 357
friction
coefficient of 353
coefficient of internal 359
dynamic 352
static 351
frictional strength 353
fundamental form
first 103
coefficients of 104, 108
second 108
Froude Number 147
Gauss’s theorem 275
geographic coordinates
(easting, northing, elevation) 31
(latitude, longitude, elevation) 27
geoid 29
geometric model 158
Global Positioning System (GPS) 29
graben 9
great circle 59
homogeneous equation 219
homogeneous material property 293
Hooke’s law 297, 325
hyperbolic function 47
hypocenter 8
incompressible 269, 284, 295, 387
index (dummy, free) 49
indicial notation 49
inertial frame of reference 245, 247,
249
inflection point 85
inverse problem 153
isochemical 244
isothermal 244, 260, 293
isotropy
elastic 297
viscous 387
kinematic model 158
kinematics 158, 160
kinetics 244
Kronecker delta 50
laccolith 21, 133, 461
Lamé’s constant 278, 299
lineation
discrete 77
penetrative 64, 77, 80
metamorphic 64
superficial 77
local rate of change 265
lubrication theory 394
mass 245
material continuum 124
material line 154, 185
material time derivative 266
matrix
column 50
identity 219
row 50
square 51
metrology 122
minimal surface 114
Mohr diagram 223
momentum
angular 247, 248
linear 246
principle of 273
motion
equation of 269, 272, 279, 285
referential description of 260
spatial description of 263
moving trihedron 89
mullion 397
nappe 155, 394
neotectonics 159
net
Wulff (meridional stereographic)
57
Schmidt 63
Newton’s First Law 246
Newton’s Second Law 204, 246
Newton’s Third Law 200
normal (pole) to a planar element
62
oöid 153
order of magnitude 123
osculating plane 108, 110
parametric representation 79, 93
passive folding 175
perfect confinement 234
photoelasticity 194, 226, 356
physical dimension 127
plane curve 91
plate theory 463
498
INDEX
Euler’s theorem 111
fabric
diagram of 64
failure criterion
Griffith 369
Coulomb 358
failure surface 345
fault
normal 70
reverse 70
strike-slip 72
termination of 13
thrust 256
tipline of 13
fault-plane solution 228
fluid
anisotropic viscous 481
power-law 389, 423, 426
linear viscous 282, 385,
fold
antiformal 114
axial surface of 92
axis of 80, 92
chevron 168, 418
cylindrical 81, 92
dominant wavelength of 407
hinge of 92
single layer 403
synformal 114
foliation 64
forward problem 153
force
body 196
resultant 245, 250
surface 196
flow
antiplane 388
barotropic 183
laminar 137
plane 388
steady 138, 165, 265, 386, 388
turbulent 137
flux
mass 267
momentum 270
fracture
extension 334
hydraulic 234
mechanics of 356
modes of 371,372
opening 237, 239, 354, 371
potential shear 358, 360
propagation of 354
shear 334
sliding 372
splitting 334
tearing 372
fracture toughness 357
friction
coefficient of 353
coefficient of internal 359
dynamic 352
static 351
frictional strength 353
fundamental form
first 103
coefficients of 104, 108
second 108
Froude Number 147
Gauss’s theorem 275
geographic coordinates
(easting, northing, elevation) 31
(latitude, longitude, elevation) 27
geoid 29
geometric model 158
Global Positioning System (GPS) 29
graben 9
great circle 59
homogeneous equation 219
homogeneous material property 293
Hooke’s law 297, 325
hyperbolic function 47
hypocenter 8
incompressible 269, 284, 295, 387
index (dummy, free) 49
indicial notation 49
inertial frame of reference 245, 247,
249
inflection point 85
inverse problem 153
isochemical 244
isothermal 244, 260, 293
isotropy
elastic 297
viscous 387
kinematic model 158
kinematics 158, 160
kinetics 244
Kronecker delta 50
laccolith 21, 133, 461
Lamé’s constant 278, 299
lineation
discrete 77
penetrative 64, 77, 80
metamorphic 64
superficial 77
local rate of change 265
lubrication theory 394
mass 245
material continuum 124
material line 154, 185
material time derivative 266
matrix
column 50
identity 219
row 50
square 51
metrology 122
minimal surface 114
Mohr diagram 223
momentum
angular 247, 248
linear 246
principle of 273
motion
equation of 269, 272, 279, 285
referential description of 260
spatial description of 263
moving trihedron 89
mullion 397
nappe 155, 394
neotectonics 159
net
Wulff (meridional stereographic)
57
Schmidt 63
Newton’s First Law 246
Newton’s Second Law 204, 246
Newton’s Third Law 200
normal (pole) to a planar element
62
oöid 153
order of magnitude 123
osculating plane 108, 110
parametric representation 79, 93
passive folding 175
perfect confinement 234
photoelasticity 194, 226, 356
physical dimension 127
plane curve 91
plate theory 463
498
INDEX