16 Water Resources from Apuseni Mountains …
565
16.3.2.2 Storage Lakes as Water Reservoirs
The reservoirs from the upper basin of Somes , ul Mic river. Before 1968 there
was in the specified area an artificial lake used for transporting logs to the lumber
mill in the old village of Belis , . Subsequently, the authorities passed to the greath
hydrotechnic improvement of the entire basin, that was made in two stages.
In the first stage (1968–1980) have been completed the greatest dams with storage
lakes from the basin, where two built on the Somes , ul Cald river and one on the
Some¸ sul Mic River. The first functional dam with a reservoir from the system was
Gil˘ au I, in the year of 1972, followed by the Tarni¸ ta, in 1973 and later Fântânele, in
1976.
Still, in the first stage, the building of the intakes and derivations from the Somes , ul
Rece and Iara basins have started, some of them being given in service (Some¸ sul
Rece II).
In the second stage (1980–1990), have been given in service the rest of intakes and
derivations mentioned above, bringing to the final the Somes , ul Cald river improvement, in 1983, with the given in service of the Somes , ul Cald dam and reservoir.
In the other hand, the Upper basin of Some¸ sul Mic river includes 5 great
lakes/reservoirs (Fântânele, Tarni¸ ta, Some¸ sul Cald, Gil˘ au, Some¸ sul Rece I—
Fig. 16.13) whose total volume (334.16 million m
3 ) represents 72.0% of the total
volume of the reservoirs from the Somes , basin (464.32 million m
3 ). These storages
lakes cumulate a surface of 1298 ha, which represents approximately 1% of the total
area of the hydropower reservoirs from Romania [63].
These lakes occupy the areas of widening developed at the main course confluences with most important tributaries and upstream of narrowing imposed by
the intrusions of hard rocks; in these conditions, the surface of the reservoir often
extend over hundreds of hectares upstream of the dams (lakes Fântânele, Tarni¸ ta—
Table 16.9).
Table 16.9 Main morphometric parameters of the reservoirs from the Upper basin of Some¸ sul Mic
river (after S , erban 2007)
No. River
Reservoir N.L.R. a
(m-B.S.)
Area (ha) Length
(km)
Maximum
width (m)
L/W ratio
1.
Some¸ sul
Cald
Fântânele
991.00
815
19.13
748
25.57
2.
Some¸ sul
Cald
Tarni¸ ta
521.50
220
8.40
597.8
14.05
3.
Some¸ sul
Cald
Some¸ sul
Cald
441.00
85
4.25
423.5
10.04
4.
Some¸ sul
Mic
Gil˘ au
420.10
72
2.34
497.3
4.70
5.
Some¸ sul
Rece
Some¸ sul
Rece I
1020.5
8.9
1.12
145.8
7.68
a N.L.R. normal level of retention; m-B.S. meters towards the Black Sea
565
16.3.2.2 Storage Lakes as Water Reservoirs
The reservoirs from the upper basin of Somes , ul Mic river. Before 1968 there
was in the specified area an artificial lake used for transporting logs to the lumber
mill in the old village of Belis , . Subsequently, the authorities passed to the greath
hydrotechnic improvement of the entire basin, that was made in two stages.
In the first stage (1968–1980) have been completed the greatest dams with storage
lakes from the basin, where two built on the Somes , ul Cald river and one on the
Some¸ sul Mic River. The first functional dam with a reservoir from the system was
Gil˘ au I, in the year of 1972, followed by the Tarni¸ ta, in 1973 and later Fântânele, in
1976.
Still, in the first stage, the building of the intakes and derivations from the Somes , ul
Rece and Iara basins have started, some of them being given in service (Some¸ sul
Rece II).
In the second stage (1980–1990), have been given in service the rest of intakes and
derivations mentioned above, bringing to the final the Somes , ul Cald river improvement, in 1983, with the given in service of the Somes , ul Cald dam and reservoir.
In the other hand, the Upper basin of Some¸ sul Mic river includes 5 great
lakes/reservoirs (Fântânele, Tarni¸ ta, Some¸ sul Cald, Gil˘ au, Some¸ sul Rece I—
Fig. 16.13) whose total volume (334.16 million m
3 ) represents 72.0% of the total
volume of the reservoirs from the Somes , basin (464.32 million m
3 ). These storages
lakes cumulate a surface of 1298 ha, which represents approximately 1% of the total
area of the hydropower reservoirs from Romania [63].
These lakes occupy the areas of widening developed at the main course confluences with most important tributaries and upstream of narrowing imposed by
the intrusions of hard rocks; in these conditions, the surface of the reservoir often
extend over hundreds of hectares upstream of the dams (lakes Fântânele, Tarni¸ ta—
Table 16.9).
Table 16.9 Main morphometric parameters of the reservoirs from the Upper basin of Some¸ sul Mic
river (after S , erban 2007)
No. River
Reservoir N.L.R. a
(m-B.S.)
Area (ha) Length
(km)
Maximum
width (m)
L/W ratio
1.
Some¸ sul
Cald
Fântânele
991.00
815
19.13
748
25.57
2.
Some¸ sul
Cald
Tarni¸ ta
521.50
220
8.40
597.8
14.05
3.
Some¸ sul
Cald
Some¸ sul
Cald
441.00
85
4.25
423.5
10.04
4.
Some¸ sul
Mic
Gil˘ au
420.10
72
2.34
497.3
4.70
5.
Some¸ sul
Rece
Some¸ sul
Rece I
1020.5
8.9
1.12
145.8
7.68
a N.L.R. normal level of retention; m-B.S. meters towards the Black Sea