16 Water Resources from Apuseni Mountains …
549
river springs from the altitude of 670 m near Izvorul Cris , ului, situated in a hilly area
on the northern edge of the Huedin Depression.
The upper sector is marked by the alternation of some narrow sectors, gorge-type
with larger tectono-erosive depression arreas, which has generated contradictory
slopes along the river profile. Thus, if the river has large slopes near it springs, in
the Huedin depression these are considerably reduced. The most important tributaries that come from the mountain range are C˘ alata, S˘ acuieu, Dr˘ aganul and Iada.
Moreover, the last two, due to a rich leakage, have been enriched with big reservoirs, supplemented with a system of adductions in order to capitalize the generous
hydropower potential [30].
Cri¸ sul Negru has a hydrographical basin, located further south, having its origin in
the northern slope of Cucurb˘ ata Mare Peak, the highest altitude of the Apuseni Mountains. The most representative tributaries in the upper sector are Cris , cior, T˘ arcait , a,
Finis , ul and Cri¸ sul B˘ ait , a (23 km). Downstream, towards Beius , city, the river receives
other tributaries, which drain the karst areas: Valea Neagr˘ a and Valea Chi¸ sc˘ aului,
after which receives its most important tributary, Cri¸ sul Pietros (Atlas of the Water
Cadastre of Romania 1992).
Cris , ul Alb, spring from the western slope of Bihor Mountains from an altitude of
900 m, near Certezul peak (1184 m). In the upper course, the slopes are steep, so that
at Cris , cior, after 31 km, the river already reaches the altitude of only 292 m. The most
important tributaries in the mountain sector are Valea Satului (18 km), Bucuresci,
Luncoi, Chis , india, and the largest tributary on the left is Cigherul (56 km) (Atlas of
the Water Cadastre of Romania 1992).
The northern apophyses of the Plopis , and Mese¸ s Mountains are dominated by the
upper sections of Barc˘ au, to which is added a small area belonging to the Middle
Somes , basin, represented by the tributaries Agrij and Almas , .
16.2.4.3 Lakes
Of the Apuseni Mountains are relatively few in number, being dominated by those
belonging to the category of accumulation lakes/reservoirs, frequently used for
hydropower purpose (Fig. 16.11).
In the Aries , basin, the largest lake unit is the Mihoe¸ sti reservoir, located at the
confluence of Arie¸ s Mare with Aries , ul Mic. In the vicinity of Ro¸ sia Montan˘ a village,
remains of a mining past can be identified, expressed by the presence of several lakes
of anthropogenic origin, known locally as t˘ auri (Fig. 16.12). Their water was used
in the past to wash gold-silver ores (T˘ aul Mare, Corna, Brazi, Anghel, Cartu¸ s, G˘ auri,
¸
Tarinii, ¸
Tapului and Muntari).
In the upper section of the Iara River, four small hydro-technical facilities are
identified, whose water volumes are diverted through adductions pipes to Some¸ sul
Cald basin (Iara, ¸
Soimu, Calul and Lindrul) for hydropower purposes.
Of course, the largest hydropower development in the Apuseni Mountains, but also
from Transylvania is that of Upper Some¸ sul Mic, which combines about 280 MW
of installed power, besides the four major reservoirs: Fântânele Lake (Beli¸ s)—
549
river springs from the altitude of 670 m near Izvorul Cris , ului, situated in a hilly area
on the northern edge of the Huedin Depression.
The upper sector is marked by the alternation of some narrow sectors, gorge-type
with larger tectono-erosive depression arreas, which has generated contradictory
slopes along the river profile. Thus, if the river has large slopes near it springs, in
the Huedin depression these are considerably reduced. The most important tributaries that come from the mountain range are C˘ alata, S˘ acuieu, Dr˘ aganul and Iada.
Moreover, the last two, due to a rich leakage, have been enriched with big reservoirs, supplemented with a system of adductions in order to capitalize the generous
hydropower potential [30].
Cri¸ sul Negru has a hydrographical basin, located further south, having its origin in
the northern slope of Cucurb˘ ata Mare Peak, the highest altitude of the Apuseni Mountains. The most representative tributaries in the upper sector are Cris , cior, T˘ arcait , a,
Finis , ul and Cri¸ sul B˘ ait , a (23 km). Downstream, towards Beius , city, the river receives
other tributaries, which drain the karst areas: Valea Neagr˘ a and Valea Chi¸ sc˘ aului,
after which receives its most important tributary, Cri¸ sul Pietros (Atlas of the Water
Cadastre of Romania 1992).
Cris , ul Alb, spring from the western slope of Bihor Mountains from an altitude of
900 m, near Certezul peak (1184 m). In the upper course, the slopes are steep, so that
at Cris , cior, after 31 km, the river already reaches the altitude of only 292 m. The most
important tributaries in the mountain sector are Valea Satului (18 km), Bucuresci,
Luncoi, Chis , india, and the largest tributary on the left is Cigherul (56 km) (Atlas of
the Water Cadastre of Romania 1992).
The northern apophyses of the Plopis , and Mese¸ s Mountains are dominated by the
upper sections of Barc˘ au, to which is added a small area belonging to the Middle
Somes , basin, represented by the tributaries Agrij and Almas , .
16.2.4.3 Lakes
Of the Apuseni Mountains are relatively few in number, being dominated by those
belonging to the category of accumulation lakes/reservoirs, frequently used for
hydropower purpose (Fig. 16.11).
In the Aries , basin, the largest lake unit is the Mihoe¸ sti reservoir, located at the
confluence of Arie¸ s Mare with Aries , ul Mic. In the vicinity of Ro¸ sia Montan˘ a village,
remains of a mining past can be identified, expressed by the presence of several lakes
of anthropogenic origin, known locally as t˘ auri (Fig. 16.12). Their water was used
in the past to wash gold-silver ores (T˘ aul Mare, Corna, Brazi, Anghel, Cartu¸ s, G˘ auri,
¸
Tarinii, ¸
Tapului and Muntari).
In the upper section of the Iara River, four small hydro-technical facilities are
identified, whose water volumes are diverted through adductions pipes to Some¸ sul
Cald basin (Iara, ¸
Soimu, Calul and Lindrul) for hydropower purposes.
Of course, the largest hydropower development in the Apuseni Mountains, but also
from Transylvania is that of Upper Some¸ sul Mic, which combines about 280 MW
of installed power, besides the four major reservoirs: Fântânele Lake (Beli¸ s)—