406
G. ¸
Serban et al.
The valley corridors, represented by Vi¸ seu, Iza, Tisa, Tur, Valea Rea, Lechincioara
and Talna, have a significant surface and underground potential, as seen previously.
The gorges of Vi¸ seu, Surduc, Tisa, and on the much shorter sections on Tur,
Valea Rea and Talna rivers, have rather more significance to the landscape, than as
an important water resource reserve. Their significance increases, however, when it
comes to maximum leakage, due to the alternation of the narrowing sectors with the
slight widening ones. The height of the water layer is having proportions in the first
case, while river-shore flooding cannot be neglected in the second case.
The widened meadows (the floodplain of the Tisa River), have high importance,
both as surface water resource (sometimes qualitatively modified), and as an underground resource, as has been mentioned previously.
The plains (the Lower Somes , Plain and Lower Tur Plain) have a great water
resource potential, especially underground, where the thickly settled deposits of
sands and gravels allow the accumulation of successive aquifers (phreatic and deep
type). The quality of groundwater resource is influenced by the farms or by the
presence of human settlements and economic facilities.
The link between Maramures , Depression with other neighbouring regions, in the
Romanian sector, is carried out through some high altitude passes: Huta, 587 m,
towards the Oa¸ s Depression, Gutâi, 987 m, towards Baia Mare Depression, Neteda,
1040 m, towards L˘ apu¸ s Depression, S , etref, 818 m, to the Some¸ s Plateau and Prislop,
1416 m, to the Bucovina’s Obcine. The huge opening of the Tur basin towards
Pannonian Depression prints some water-specific features [40, 41].
By its traits and defining elements (the character of mountain basin, opening to
the huge Pannonian Basin, slope orientation, slope degree, the depth of the relief
fragmentation, the drainage density, etc.) the relief prints local specificities, with
important effects on the climate and hydrological phenomena and processes [40, 41,
52].
The relief influences directly the rivers’ runoff through slopes and fragmentation,
features which determine the specific water flow speed, and indirectly through the
vertical zoning of the climate [10].
12.2.3 Climatic Components (Precipitations
and Evapotranspiration)
The landforms structure causes certain climatic features of the studied area, such as
cold scandinavian-baltic air masses invasions, doubled by important thermic inversions in the Maramures , Basin, high humidity in the air and significant rainfall as a
result of the western oceanic air advection over both the Tur Basin and the Maramures ,
Basin.
These peculiarities cause specific features of the liquid runoff also, so we considered the analysis of the rainfall spatial distribution of utmost importance for this sub-
G. ¸
Serban et al.
The valley corridors, represented by Vi¸ seu, Iza, Tisa, Tur, Valea Rea, Lechincioara
and Talna, have a significant surface and underground potential, as seen previously.
The gorges of Vi¸ seu, Surduc, Tisa, and on the much shorter sections on Tur,
Valea Rea and Talna rivers, have rather more significance to the landscape, than as
an important water resource reserve. Their significance increases, however, when it
comes to maximum leakage, due to the alternation of the narrowing sectors with the
slight widening ones. The height of the water layer is having proportions in the first
case, while river-shore flooding cannot be neglected in the second case.
The widened meadows (the floodplain of the Tisa River), have high importance,
both as surface water resource (sometimes qualitatively modified), and as an underground resource, as has been mentioned previously.
The plains (the Lower Somes , Plain and Lower Tur Plain) have a great water
resource potential, especially underground, where the thickly settled deposits of
sands and gravels allow the accumulation of successive aquifers (phreatic and deep
type). The quality of groundwater resource is influenced by the farms or by the
presence of human settlements and economic facilities.
The link between Maramures , Depression with other neighbouring regions, in the
Romanian sector, is carried out through some high altitude passes: Huta, 587 m,
towards the Oa¸ s Depression, Gutâi, 987 m, towards Baia Mare Depression, Neteda,
1040 m, towards L˘ apu¸ s Depression, S , etref, 818 m, to the Some¸ s Plateau and Prislop,
1416 m, to the Bucovina’s Obcine. The huge opening of the Tur basin towards
Pannonian Depression prints some water-specific features [40, 41].
By its traits and defining elements (the character of mountain basin, opening to
the huge Pannonian Basin, slope orientation, slope degree, the depth of the relief
fragmentation, the drainage density, etc.) the relief prints local specificities, with
important effects on the climate and hydrological phenomena and processes [40, 41,
52].
The relief influences directly the rivers’ runoff through slopes and fragmentation,
features which determine the specific water flow speed, and indirectly through the
vertical zoning of the climate [10].
12.2.3 Climatic Components (Precipitations
and Evapotranspiration)
The landforms structure causes certain climatic features of the studied area, such as
cold scandinavian-baltic air masses invasions, doubled by important thermic inversions in the Maramures , Basin, high humidity in the air and significant rainfall as a
result of the western oceanic air advection over both the Tur Basin and the Maramures ,
Basin.
These peculiarities cause specific features of the liquid runoff also, so we considered the analysis of the rainfall spatial distribution of utmost importance for this sub-