12 Water Resources from Romanian Upper Tisa Basin
403
were mined until recently. It identifies two bodies of diorite and quartz diorite in the
central axis, which have penetrated a huge plateau of andesites and andesites with
amphiboles. Towards the Vaser valley, it can be notice a significant enlargement of
epimetamorphic schists with different insertions.
The south-western part of Maramure¸ s Mountains belongs almost exclusively to
sandstones, marly-clays, menilites and bituminous schists.
The Rodnei Mountains horst is maintained at altitudes above 2300 m due to
sericito-chloritic schists, phyllites and meso-metamorphic schists, which compose
the central part of the massif, while the eastern half of the massif belongs, primarily,
to epimetamorphic schists, sericito-graphitic schists and green tuffogenic rocks. At
the north and west extremities marly-sandstone flyschs, wild-flyschs and bituminous
schysts, and sporadic colluvial deposits appear.
The corridors of the two main valleys in the Maramure¸ s Basin, Vi¸ seu and Iza
river, but also of Tisa, their collector, are characterized by the presence of the sands
and fluvial gravel, restricted very much in the gorge sectors by the occurrence of
sandstones, marly-clays, menilites and bituminous schysts.
The Maramure¸ s Hills, bounded by the two valleys mentioned above, is one
of the narrowest and lowest interfluves (relative altitude) found in the Carpathian
Mountains area. Thus, the northern part is defined by sandstones and marly-clays
formations, while the southern half is formed on the sandstones and marly-clays
deposits with intercalations of marly-sandstones flysch.
An area, partially of accumulative origin, is the left slopes of the Iza River Basin,
highly developed, compared with the right side and somewhat in spatial opposition
with the Vi¸ seu Basin. The structure is particularly complex, sometimes with piedmont
aspect, due to the consistent material coming from the mountain area and he bowed
with a moderate slope to the Tisa River corridor, in the north, according to the fluvial
drainage.
The sand and gravel deposits occupy the major river beds, both in the case of Iza
collector and of its main affluent, Mara River, just as in the case of Vi¸ seu River, as
previously presented.
The T , ibles , ului Mountains are a fairly well preserved volcanic apparatus, in
which are found: andesites with pyroxene and amphibole in the main ridge, followed
to the base (north-west) by andesites with pyroxene, quartz andesites and massive
marly-sandstones flysch, wildflisch, bituminous schysts; secondary follow marls,
sandstones and marly-clays and sandstones, marly-clays, menilites and bituminous
schysts.
The L˘ apus , ului Mountains (developed on a north-west to southeast direction) are
characterized by the presence of andesites, bazaltoide andesites, sandstones, marlyclays (flysch), sandstones, marly-clays, menilites and bituminous schysts.
On the northern and north-eastern limits of the T , ibles , ului and L˘ apus , ului Mountains can be found the same sedimentary components of category marls, clays and
sandstones, referred already above, interleaved or in alternation, from one basin to
another (between the valleys of Ieud, Botiza and Sl˘ atioara rivers).
A very special petrographic configuration is specific to the Gutâi Massif, a real
edifice, well preserved in relief and a pole of rainfall for the territory of Romania.
403
were mined until recently. It identifies two bodies of diorite and quartz diorite in the
central axis, which have penetrated a huge plateau of andesites and andesites with
amphiboles. Towards the Vaser valley, it can be notice a significant enlargement of
epimetamorphic schists with different insertions.
The south-western part of Maramure¸ s Mountains belongs almost exclusively to
sandstones, marly-clays, menilites and bituminous schists.
The Rodnei Mountains horst is maintained at altitudes above 2300 m due to
sericito-chloritic schists, phyllites and meso-metamorphic schists, which compose
the central part of the massif, while the eastern half of the massif belongs, primarily,
to epimetamorphic schists, sericito-graphitic schists and green tuffogenic rocks. At
the north and west extremities marly-sandstone flyschs, wild-flyschs and bituminous
schysts, and sporadic colluvial deposits appear.
The corridors of the two main valleys in the Maramure¸ s Basin, Vi¸ seu and Iza
river, but also of Tisa, their collector, are characterized by the presence of the sands
and fluvial gravel, restricted very much in the gorge sectors by the occurrence of
sandstones, marly-clays, menilites and bituminous schysts.
The Maramure¸ s Hills, bounded by the two valleys mentioned above, is one
of the narrowest and lowest interfluves (relative altitude) found in the Carpathian
Mountains area. Thus, the northern part is defined by sandstones and marly-clays
formations, while the southern half is formed on the sandstones and marly-clays
deposits with intercalations of marly-sandstones flysch.
An area, partially of accumulative origin, is the left slopes of the Iza River Basin,
highly developed, compared with the right side and somewhat in spatial opposition
with the Vi¸ seu Basin. The structure is particularly complex, sometimes with piedmont
aspect, due to the consistent material coming from the mountain area and he bowed
with a moderate slope to the Tisa River corridor, in the north, according to the fluvial
drainage.
The sand and gravel deposits occupy the major river beds, both in the case of Iza
collector and of its main affluent, Mara River, just as in the case of Vi¸ seu River, as
previously presented.
The T , ibles , ului Mountains are a fairly well preserved volcanic apparatus, in
which are found: andesites with pyroxene and amphibole in the main ridge, followed
to the base (north-west) by andesites with pyroxene, quartz andesites and massive
marly-sandstones flysch, wildflisch, bituminous schysts; secondary follow marls,
sandstones and marly-clays and sandstones, marly-clays, menilites and bituminous
schysts.
The L˘ apus , ului Mountains (developed on a north-west to southeast direction) are
characterized by the presence of andesites, bazaltoide andesites, sandstones, marlyclays (flysch), sandstones, marly-clays, menilites and bituminous schysts.
On the northern and north-eastern limits of the T , ibles , ului and L˘ apus , ului Mountains can be found the same sedimentary components of category marls, clays and
sandstones, referred already above, interleaved or in alternation, from one basin to
another (between the valleys of Ieud, Botiza and Sl˘ atioara rivers).
A very special petrographic configuration is specific to the Gutâi Massif, a real
edifice, well preserved in relief and a pole of rainfall for the territory of Romania.