400
G. ¸
Serban et al.
The observation and gauging program from the river hydrometric stations targets
parameters of high importance for the monitoring and management of the water
resources and of dangerous hydrological and meteorological phenomena like: water
level, air and water temperature, the rainfall amount, the winter phenomena, the depth
of river-bed, the speed of water flow, the turbidity, the water pollution, the dynamics
of the river-bed in transversal plane etc. [41].
The readings are done frequently (6.00 AM and 6.00 PM, summer time and 7.00
AM and 5.00 PM, winter time), or even more often (hourly) during the development
of extreme hydric events (when the water level is surpassing the Warning Level—
first defence level used for flood mitigation) in the area for which they are generated.
(N.I.H.W.M. 2013).
2
To ensure a more efficient gauging program, automated hydrometric stations for
the basin water balance were introduced, placed on important watercourses or on the
ones with a high torrential degree (with the help of DESWAT programs—Destructive
Waters and WATMAN—Informational System for the Integrated Water Management). These grant the possibility of live monitoring of some parameters measured
by sensors.
The measurements of flow rate or of river alluvial suspended deposits etc., are
done less frequently (once every five days), being intensified at hydric events, at even
hourly frequency on the smaller rivers. The measurements of winter phenomena are
done every five days, and those of submerged vegetation, every ten days [41].
12.1.4 Sources and Technics Used in the Study Development
The text was organised using information gathered through personal investigations,
and on the basis of articles, studies and scientific reports produced by other established
researchers, or by institutions administrating the hydric environment and natural
resources from Romania (“Somes , -Tisa” Water Basin Administration—S.T.W.B.A.).
The technical data regarding the basins and watercourses, on which analysis was
based, were taken from the Atlas of Water Cadastre of Romania, (1992 edition),
3
partially from the statistics of colleagues from S.T.W.B.A., or the data was generated
using ArcGIS 10.x software.
The features regarding the water resources came from the hydrometric activity
of S.T.W.B.A and from different reference’ sources. They were, either calculated in
statistic programs (Microsoft Office, SPSS) or gathered according to syntheses and
studies made at the above mentioned regional institution.
The support for GIS modelling was insured from cartographic plans 1:5000, topographic maps 1:25,000, ortophoto plans and other satellite imagery, hazard and risk
2 (2013), Guide for the activity of hydrometric stations on rivers, N.I.H.W.M.—The National Institute
of Hydrology and Water Management, Bucharest (in Romanian).
3 (1992) The Atlas of Water Cadastre of Romania, Ministry of Environment and Aquaproject S.A.,
Bucure¸ sti, 683 p (in Romanian).
G. ¸
Serban et al.
The observation and gauging program from the river hydrometric stations targets
parameters of high importance for the monitoring and management of the water
resources and of dangerous hydrological and meteorological phenomena like: water
level, air and water temperature, the rainfall amount, the winter phenomena, the depth
of river-bed, the speed of water flow, the turbidity, the water pollution, the dynamics
of the river-bed in transversal plane etc. [41].
The readings are done frequently (6.00 AM and 6.00 PM, summer time and 7.00
AM and 5.00 PM, winter time), or even more often (hourly) during the development
of extreme hydric events (when the water level is surpassing the Warning Level—
first defence level used for flood mitigation) in the area for which they are generated.
(N.I.H.W.M. 2013).
2
To ensure a more efficient gauging program, automated hydrometric stations for
the basin water balance were introduced, placed on important watercourses or on the
ones with a high torrential degree (with the help of DESWAT programs—Destructive
Waters and WATMAN—Informational System for the Integrated Water Management). These grant the possibility of live monitoring of some parameters measured
by sensors.
The measurements of flow rate or of river alluvial suspended deposits etc., are
done less frequently (once every five days), being intensified at hydric events, at even
hourly frequency on the smaller rivers. The measurements of winter phenomena are
done every five days, and those of submerged vegetation, every ten days [41].
12.1.4 Sources and Technics Used in the Study Development
The text was organised using information gathered through personal investigations,
and on the basis of articles, studies and scientific reports produced by other established
researchers, or by institutions administrating the hydric environment and natural
resources from Romania (“Somes , -Tisa” Water Basin Administration—S.T.W.B.A.).
The technical data regarding the basins and watercourses, on which analysis was
based, were taken from the Atlas of Water Cadastre of Romania, (1992 edition),
3
partially from the statistics of colleagues from S.T.W.B.A., or the data was generated
using ArcGIS 10.x software.
The features regarding the water resources came from the hydrometric activity
of S.T.W.B.A and from different reference’ sources. They were, either calculated in
statistic programs (Microsoft Office, SPSS) or gathered according to syntheses and
studies made at the above mentioned regional institution.
The support for GIS modelling was insured from cartographic plans 1:5000, topographic maps 1:25,000, ortophoto plans and other satellite imagery, hazard and risk
2 (2013), Guide for the activity of hydrometric stations on rivers, N.I.H.W.M.—The National Institute
of Hydrology and Water Management, Bucharest (in Romanian).
3 (1992) The Atlas of Water Cadastre of Romania, Ministry of Environment and Aquaproject S.A.,
Bucure¸ sti, 683 p (in Romanian).