Dong W, Zhang X, Liu X et al (2015) Responses of soil microbial communities and enzyme
activities to nitrogen and phosphorus additions in Chinese fir plantations of subtropical China.
Biogeosciences 12:5537–5546
Du E (2016) Rise and fall of nitrogen deposition in the United States. PNAS 113:E3594–E3595
Du E (2017) Integrating species composition and leaf nitrogen content to indicate effects of nitrogen
deposition. Environ Pollut 221:392–397
Du E, De Vries W (2018) Nitrogen-induced new net primary production and carbon sequestration in
global forests. Environ Pollut 242:1476–1487
Du E, Fang J (2014) Weak growth response to nitrogen deposition in an old-growth boreal forest.
Ecosphere 5:art109
Du E, Zhou Z, Li P et al (2013) NEECF: a project of nutrient enrichment experiments in China’s
forests. J Plant Ecol 6:428–435
Du E, Jiang Y, Fang J et al (2014a) Inorganic nitrogen deposition in China’s forests: status and
characteristics. Atmos Environ 98:474–482
Du Z, Wang W, Zeng W et al (2014b) Nitrogen deposition enhances carbon sequestration by
plantations in northern China. PLoS One 9(2):e87975
Du E, de Vries W, Galloway JN et al (2014c) Changes in wet nitrogen deposition in the United
States between 1985 and 2012. Environ Res Lett 9:095004
Du E, de Vries W, Liu X et al (2015) Spatial boundary of urban ‘acid islands’ in China. Sci Rep
5:12625
Du E, de Vries W, Han WX et al (2016) Imbalanced phosphorus and nitrogen deposition in China’s
forests. Atmos Chem Phys 16:8571–8579
Dutaur L, Verchot LV (2007) A global inventory of the soil CH 4 sink. Glob Biogeochem Cy 21:
GB4013
Elser JJ, Bracken ME, Cleland EE et al (2007) Global analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus
limitation of primary producers in freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Ecol Lett
10:1135–1142
Fan H, Wu J, Liu W et al (2014) Nitrogen deposition promotes ecosystem carbon accumulation by
reducing soil carbon emission in a subtropical forest. Plant Soil 379:361–371
Fang Y, Gundersen P, Mo J et al (2008) Input and output of dissolved organic and inorganic
nitrogen in subtropical forests of South China under high air pollution. Biogeosciences
5:339–352
Fang Y, Zhu W, Gundersen P et al (2009) Large loss of dissolved organic nitrogen from nitrogensaturated forests in subtropical China. Ecosystems 12:33–45
Fang Y, Yoh M, Koba K et al (2011a) Nitrogen deposition and forest nitrogen cycling along an
urban-rural transect in southern China. Glob Chang Biol 17:872–885
Fang Y, Gundersen P, Vogt RD et al (2011b) Atmospheric deposition and leaching of nitrogen in
Chinese forest ecosystems. J For Res 16:341–350
Fang Y, Wang X, Zhu F et al (2013) Three-decade changes in chemical composition of precipitation
in Guangzhou city, southern China: has precipitation recovered from acidification following
sulphur dioxide emission control? Tellus B 65:20213
Fang Y, Koba K, Makabe A et al (2015) Microbial denitrification dominates nitrate losses from
forest ecosystems. PNAS 112:1470–1474
Fierer N, Barberán A, Laughlin DC (2014) Seeing the forest for the genes: using metagenomics to
infer the aggregated traits of microbial communities. Front Microbiol 5:614
Fowler D, Coyle M, Skiba U et al (2013) The global nitrogen cycle in the twenty-first century.
Philos Trans R Soc B 368:20130164
Galloway JN (1995) Acid deposition: perspectives in time and space. Water Air Soil Pollut
85:15–24
Gao W, Yang H, Kou L et al (2015) Effects of nitrogen deposition and fertilization on N transformations in forest soils: a review. J Soils Sediments 15(4):863–879
Gao W, Kou L, Yang H et al (2016a) Are nitrate production and retention processes in subtropical
acidic forest soils responsive to ammonium deposition? Soil Biol Biochem 100:102–109
208
E. Du et al.
activities to nitrogen and phosphorus additions in Chinese fir plantations of subtropical China.
Biogeosciences 12:5537–5546
Du E (2016) Rise and fall of nitrogen deposition in the United States. PNAS 113:E3594–E3595
Du E (2017) Integrating species composition and leaf nitrogen content to indicate effects of nitrogen
deposition. Environ Pollut 221:392–397
Du E, De Vries W (2018) Nitrogen-induced new net primary production and carbon sequestration in
global forests. Environ Pollut 242:1476–1487
Du E, Fang J (2014) Weak growth response to nitrogen deposition in an old-growth boreal forest.
Ecosphere 5:art109
Du E, Zhou Z, Li P et al (2013) NEECF: a project of nutrient enrichment experiments in China’s
forests. J Plant Ecol 6:428–435
Du E, Jiang Y, Fang J et al (2014a) Inorganic nitrogen deposition in China’s forests: status and
characteristics. Atmos Environ 98:474–482
Du Z, Wang W, Zeng W et al (2014b) Nitrogen deposition enhances carbon sequestration by
plantations in northern China. PLoS One 9(2):e87975
Du E, de Vries W, Galloway JN et al (2014c) Changes in wet nitrogen deposition in the United
States between 1985 and 2012. Environ Res Lett 9:095004
Du E, de Vries W, Liu X et al (2015) Spatial boundary of urban ‘acid islands’ in China. Sci Rep
5:12625
Du E, de Vries W, Han WX et al (2016) Imbalanced phosphorus and nitrogen deposition in China’s
forests. Atmos Chem Phys 16:8571–8579
Dutaur L, Verchot LV (2007) A global inventory of the soil CH 4 sink. Glob Biogeochem Cy 21:
GB4013
Elser JJ, Bracken ME, Cleland EE et al (2007) Global analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus
limitation of primary producers in freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Ecol Lett
10:1135–1142
Fan H, Wu J, Liu W et al (2014) Nitrogen deposition promotes ecosystem carbon accumulation by
reducing soil carbon emission in a subtropical forest. Plant Soil 379:361–371
Fang Y, Gundersen P, Mo J et al (2008) Input and output of dissolved organic and inorganic
nitrogen in subtropical forests of South China under high air pollution. Biogeosciences
5:339–352
Fang Y, Zhu W, Gundersen P et al (2009) Large loss of dissolved organic nitrogen from nitrogensaturated forests in subtropical China. Ecosystems 12:33–45
Fang Y, Yoh M, Koba K et al (2011a) Nitrogen deposition and forest nitrogen cycling along an
urban-rural transect in southern China. Glob Chang Biol 17:872–885
Fang Y, Gundersen P, Vogt RD et al (2011b) Atmospheric deposition and leaching of nitrogen in
Chinese forest ecosystems. J For Res 16:341–350
Fang Y, Wang X, Zhu F et al (2013) Three-decade changes in chemical composition of precipitation
in Guangzhou city, southern China: has precipitation recovered from acidification following
sulphur dioxide emission control? Tellus B 65:20213
Fang Y, Koba K, Makabe A et al (2015) Microbial denitrification dominates nitrate losses from
forest ecosystems. PNAS 112:1470–1474
Fierer N, Barberán A, Laughlin DC (2014) Seeing the forest for the genes: using metagenomics to
infer the aggregated traits of microbial communities. Front Microbiol 5:614
Fowler D, Coyle M, Skiba U et al (2013) The global nitrogen cycle in the twenty-first century.
Philos Trans R Soc B 368:20130164
Galloway JN (1995) Acid deposition: perspectives in time and space. Water Air Soil Pollut
85:15–24
Gao W, Yang H, Kou L et al (2015) Effects of nitrogen deposition and fertilization on N transformations in forest soils: a review. J Soils Sediments 15(4):863–879
Gao W, Kou L, Yang H et al (2016a) Are nitrate production and retention processes in subtropical
acidic forest soils responsive to ammonium deposition? Soil Biol Biochem 100:102–109
208
E. Du et al.