627
Cereal crop residues, 131
Chemical fertilizers, 334
Chikwawa Livestock Association (CLA), 216
Chimaliro Forest Area, 316
Climate Adaptation for Rural Livelihoods and
Agriculture (CARLA), 510
Climate change (CC), 11, 12, 62, 160, 314
Climate information, 491, 493, 496–498, 503
Climate information service (CIS), 490
Climate smart agriculture (CSA)
adaptation to climate change impact, 616
adaptive capacity (see Adaptive capacity)
adoption of technologies
male and female farmers, 516, 517
male and female smallholders, 513, 514
preferences, 514, 515
sex of household head, 512, 513
agricultural land, 611
climate change, 611
communication channels, 522–524
conference, 608, 609
crop varieties and breeds, 614
development goals, 355
elements, 358
emerging issues, 619–621
factors, 608
farming communities, 611
female farmers, 524
food security, 358
gender differences, 509
GHG emissions, 614, 615
greenhouse gases, 611
implementation, 608
land use, 348
landscape soil management, 613
livelihood assets, 357
livelihood diversification, 357
livestock production and mitigation
potential, 616–619
Malawi, 508
methodology
study area, 510, 511
study design and data collection
methods, 511, 512
national food security, 355
natural resource base, 358
potential areas, 616
production systems, 348
productivity, 611, 612
recommendation, 525
reflections, 353–355
research and development
priorities, 619–621
resilience, 356
rural households, 357
site-specific fertilizer
recommendations, 613
smallholder farmers, 348
smallholder farming systems, 359–362
smallholders, 358
soil resources and degradation, 609, 610
supplemental irrigation, 612, 613
sustainable agricultural approaches, 355
sustainable pest management
practices, 614
transformation, 348–352
holistic learning, 365
multilogic framework, 366
path, 364
personal, 363, 364
self-awareness, 362
wisdom traditions, 366, 367
transformative and transgressive
approaches, 619
vertical intensification, 612, 613
vital ecosystem services, 358
vulnerability, 356
weather forecast, 615
Climate-smart feeds
anti-nutritional factors, 203
bird management, 205, 206
carcass weight and mortality rates, 206
crop diversification, 202
data analysis, 206, 207
digestibility, 206
drought and heat stress conditions, 203
droughts and floods, 202
ethical considerations, 206
experimental design, 205, 206
feed intake and body, 206
food grain and crop, 202
food supplies, 202
livestock production, 202
maize, 202, 203
maize-based diet, 204
materials and methods
chemical analysis, 204
dietary treatments, 204, 205
feed ingredients, 204
location, 204
millet-based diet, 204
pearl millet, 202–204
Climate variability
climate change, 160
external atmospheric drivers, 160
factors, 160
food insecurity, 160
human activity, 160
Index
Cereal crop residues, 131
Chemical fertilizers, 334
Chikwawa Livestock Association (CLA), 216
Chimaliro Forest Area, 316
Climate Adaptation for Rural Livelihoods and
Agriculture (CARLA), 510
Climate change (CC), 11, 12, 62, 160, 314
Climate information, 491, 493, 496–498, 503
Climate information service (CIS), 490
Climate smart agriculture (CSA)
adaptation to climate change impact, 616
adaptive capacity (see Adaptive capacity)
adoption of technologies
male and female farmers, 516, 517
male and female smallholders, 513, 514
preferences, 514, 515
sex of household head, 512, 513
agricultural land, 611
climate change, 611
communication channels, 522–524
conference, 608, 609
crop varieties and breeds, 614
development goals, 355
elements, 358
emerging issues, 619–621
factors, 608
farming communities, 611
female farmers, 524
food security, 358
gender differences, 509
GHG emissions, 614, 615
greenhouse gases, 611
implementation, 608
land use, 348
landscape soil management, 613
livelihood assets, 357
livelihood diversification, 357
livestock production and mitigation
potential, 616–619
Malawi, 508
methodology
study area, 510, 511
study design and data collection
methods, 511, 512
national food security, 355
natural resource base, 358
potential areas, 616
production systems, 348
productivity, 611, 612
recommendation, 525
reflections, 353–355
research and development
priorities, 619–621
resilience, 356
rural households, 357
site-specific fertilizer
recommendations, 613
smallholder farmers, 348
smallholder farming systems, 359–362
smallholders, 358
soil resources and degradation, 609, 610
supplemental irrigation, 612, 613
sustainable agricultural approaches, 355
sustainable pest management
practices, 614
transformation, 348–352
holistic learning, 365
multilogic framework, 366
path, 364
personal, 363, 364
self-awareness, 362
wisdom traditions, 366, 367
transformative and transgressive
approaches, 619
vertical intensification, 612, 613
vital ecosystem services, 358
vulnerability, 356
weather forecast, 615
Climate-smart feeds
anti-nutritional factors, 203
bird management, 205, 206
carcass weight and mortality rates, 206
crop diversification, 202
data analysis, 206, 207
digestibility, 206
drought and heat stress conditions, 203
droughts and floods, 202
ethical considerations, 206
experimental design, 205, 206
feed intake and body, 206
food grain and crop, 202
food supplies, 202
livestock production, 202
maize, 202, 203
maize-based diet, 204
materials and methods
chemical analysis, 204
dietary treatments, 204, 205
feed ingredients, 204
location, 204
millet-based diet, 204
pearl millet, 202–204
Climate variability
climate change, 160
external atmospheric drivers, 160
factors, 160
food insecurity, 160
human activity, 160
Index