257
Table 4 Least square means (±SE) for fatty acid compositions (percentage of total fatty acids) of
omental fat from castrated male SEA × Norwegian crossbred goats
T0
T33
T66
T100
SE
P
Fatty acid
Structure
% of total fatty acids
Capric
C10:0
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.01 NS
Lauric
C12:0
0.14
0.14
0.09
0.10
0.01 †
Myristic
C14:0
3.00
a
2.10
c
2.43
bc
2.60
ab
0.14 ∗
Pentadecanoic
C15:0
0.80
a
0.80
a
0.56
ab
0.52
b
0.10 ∗
Palmitic
C16:0
22.48
ab
22.62
a
20.94
bc
20.11
c
0.60 ∗
Palmitoleic
C16:1n7
1.43
1.17
1.20
1.07
0.07 †
Margaric
C17:0
0.52
0.42
0.48
0.48
0.03 NS
Stearic
C18:0
32.10
34.70
32.35
29.54
1.50 NS
cis-Vaccenic
C18:1n7
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.82
0.04 NS
trans-Vaccenic
C18:1n7t
0.21
0.31
0.28
0.30
0.03 NS
Oleic
C18:1n9
24.57
22.00
25.00
25.00
1.15 NS
Elaidic
C18:1n9t
0.35
0.51
0.52
0.68
0.11 NS
Linoleic
C18:2n6
3.51
3.18
3.08
3.26
0.20 NS
Rumenic
C18:2c9t11
0.90
bc
0.84
c
1.31
a
1.34
a
0.10 ∗∗
Linolenic
C18:3n3
0.22
0.20
0.15
0.12
0.04 NS
Eicosanoic
C20:0
0.18
ab
0.22
a
0.12
b
0.12
b
0.02 ∗∗
Eicosatrienoic
C20:3n3
0.22
0.16
0.20
0.20
0.02 NS
Arachidonic
C20:4n6
0.03
a
0.02
b
0.01
b
0.01
b
0.00 ∗
Docosanoic
C22:0
0.04
a
0.03
ab
0.01
bc
0.02
c
0.01 ∗
Docosapentaenoic
C22:5n3
0.13
0.10
0.05
0.06
0.02 NS
Docosahexaenoic
C22:6n3
0.05
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.01 NS
Total saturated
SFA
61.73
a
63.32
a
59.01
ab
55.68
b
2.00 ∗
Total unsaturated
UFA
34.83
31.85
36.00
36.70
1.43 NS
Total monounsaturated MUFA
29.50
27.06
30.71
31.30
1.14 †
Total polyunsaturated
PUFA
5.33
4.80
5.16
5.38
0.32 NS
Total desirable
DFA
66.92
66.56
68.23
66.22
1.51 NS
Total trans
t-MUFA
1.34
c
1.70
bc
2.00
b
2.50
a
0.15 ∗∗
Total n-6
n-6
3.57
3.24
3.13
3.31
0.21 NS
Total n-3
n-3
0.60
0.47
0.42
0.40
0.05 NS
Ratio (n-6:n-3)
n-6:n-3
7.34
7.57
7.77
8.66
0.71 NS
SEA Small East African, t-MUFA sum of trans isomers (∑ C18:1 trans
4–16 ). T0, T33, T66 and T100
refer to zero, 33%, 66% and 100% access to ad libitum concentrate allowance, respectively.
a,b,c
Least square means in the same row lacking a common letter differ (P < 0.05). ∗, ∗∗ and
∗∗∗ = P < 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001, respectively. † = P < 0.1. NS not significant, SE standard error of
the mean
Effects of Concentrate Supplementation on the Fatty Acid Composition of Fat Depots…
Table 4 Least square means (±SE) for fatty acid compositions (percentage of total fatty acids) of
omental fat from castrated male SEA × Norwegian crossbred goats
T0
T33
T66
T100
SE
P
Fatty acid
Structure
% of total fatty acids
Capric
C10:0
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.01 NS
Lauric
C12:0
0.14
0.14
0.09
0.10
0.01 †
Myristic
C14:0
3.00
a
2.10
c
2.43
bc
2.60
ab
0.14 ∗
Pentadecanoic
C15:0
0.80
a
0.80
a
0.56
ab
0.52
b
0.10 ∗
Palmitic
C16:0
22.48
ab
22.62
a
20.94
bc
20.11
c
0.60 ∗
Palmitoleic
C16:1n7
1.43
1.17
1.20
1.07
0.07 †
Margaric
C17:0
0.52
0.42
0.48
0.48
0.03 NS
Stearic
C18:0
32.10
34.70
32.35
29.54
1.50 NS
cis-Vaccenic
C18:1n7
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.82
0.04 NS
trans-Vaccenic
C18:1n7t
0.21
0.31
0.28
0.30
0.03 NS
Oleic
C18:1n9
24.57
22.00
25.00
25.00
1.15 NS
Elaidic
C18:1n9t
0.35
0.51
0.52
0.68
0.11 NS
Linoleic
C18:2n6
3.51
3.18
3.08
3.26
0.20 NS
Rumenic
C18:2c9t11
0.90
bc
0.84
c
1.31
a
1.34
a
0.10 ∗∗
Linolenic
C18:3n3
0.22
0.20
0.15
0.12
0.04 NS
Eicosanoic
C20:0
0.18
ab
0.22
a
0.12
b
0.12
b
0.02 ∗∗
Eicosatrienoic
C20:3n3
0.22
0.16
0.20
0.20
0.02 NS
Arachidonic
C20:4n6
0.03
a
0.02
b
0.01
b
0.01
b
0.00 ∗
Docosanoic
C22:0
0.04
a
0.03
ab
0.01
bc
0.02
c
0.01 ∗
Docosapentaenoic
C22:5n3
0.13
0.10
0.05
0.06
0.02 NS
Docosahexaenoic
C22:6n3
0.05
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.01 NS
Total saturated
SFA
61.73
a
63.32
a
59.01
ab
55.68
b
2.00 ∗
Total unsaturated
UFA
34.83
31.85
36.00
36.70
1.43 NS
Total monounsaturated MUFA
29.50
27.06
30.71
31.30
1.14 †
Total polyunsaturated
PUFA
5.33
4.80
5.16
5.38
0.32 NS
Total desirable
DFA
66.92
66.56
68.23
66.22
1.51 NS
Total trans
t-MUFA
1.34
c
1.70
bc
2.00
b
2.50
a
0.15 ∗∗
Total n-6
n-6
3.57
3.24
3.13
3.31
0.21 NS
Total n-3
n-3
0.60
0.47
0.42
0.40
0.05 NS
Ratio (n-6:n-3)
n-6:n-3
7.34
7.57
7.77
8.66
0.71 NS
SEA Small East African, t-MUFA sum of trans isomers (∑ C18:1 trans
4–16 ). T0, T33, T66 and T100
refer to zero, 33%, 66% and 100% access to ad libitum concentrate allowance, respectively.
a,b,c
Least square means in the same row lacking a common letter differ (P < 0.05). ∗, ∗∗ and
∗∗∗ = P < 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001, respectively. † = P < 0.1. NS not significant, SE standard error of
the mean
Effects of Concentrate Supplementation on the Fatty Acid Composition of Fat Depots…