160
9. The resulting emulsion is centrifuged and resuspended in
water for purification (3 × 10,000 rpm (11704 × g) for 5 min).
10. The last coating aims at improving the microsphere-protein
interactions.
11. Centrifuge for 5 min at 10,000 rpm.
12. The curve is constructed by absorption measurements of standard solutions of known concentration, since according to the
Lambert-Beer law, A = ε × b × c, the concentration of drug is
proportional to absorption.
13. SEM and TEM images are obtained on a FEI Inspect microscope with W (tungsten) filament operating at 25 kV and a
FEI CM20 microscope operating at 200 kV, respectively.
14. The spectra are scanned over the range of 4000–500 cm
−1
.
UV–vis absorption spectra in the wavelength range of 200–
800 nm were obtained on a Jasco V-650 spectrometer, with
UV–vis at 480 nm spectrometer.
15. An ultrasonic bath was used for sonication (Elma Sonic, S.
30H).
16. Structural units of cellulose.
17. The appearance of the peak at 1631 cm
−1
due to the absorption of the carbonyl amide bond and the absence of the peak
at 3669 cm
−1
due to vibration of O-H group of HPC is confirmed by the successful cross-linking. The absence of peak
attributed to hydroxyl groups of hydroxypropyl cellulose and
carboxylic acids of the CS confirms the ester bond formation.
References
1. Carr C, Ng J, Wigmore T (2008) The side
effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Curr
Anaesth Crit Care 19(2):70–79. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.cacc.2008.01.004
2. Kim GNS (2005) Targeted cancer nanotherapy. Nano Today 8:28–33
3. Arruebo M, Fernández-Pacheco R, Ibarra
MR, Santamaría J (2007) Magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery. Nano Today
2(3):22–32.
https://doi.org/10.1016/
s1748-0132(07)70084-1
4. Torchilin VP (2012) Multifunctional nanocarriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 64:302–315. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2012.09.031
5. Torchilin VP (2007) Targeted pharmaceutical nanocarriers for cancer therapy and imaging. AAPS J 9(2):E128–E147. https://doi.
org/10.1208/aapsj090201
6. Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Blanco-Fernandez B,
Puga AM, Concheiro A (2013) Crosslinked
ionic polysaccharides for stimuli-sensitive drug
delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 65(9):1148–
1171.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
addr.2013.04.016
7. Posocco B, Dreussi E, de Santa J, Toffoli G,
Abrami M, Musiani F, Grassi M, Farra R, Tonon
F, Grassi G, Dapas B (2015) Polysaccharides
for the delivery of antitumor drugs. Materials
8(5):2569–2615. https://doi.org/10.3390/
ma8052569
8. Park JH, Saravanakumar G, Kim K, Kwon IC
(2010) Targeted delivery of low molecular
drugs using chitosan and its derivatives. Adv
Drug Deliv Rev 62(1):28–41. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.addr.2009.10.003
9. Zhang J, Chen XG, Li YY, Liu CS (2007)
Self-assembled
nanoparticles
based
on
hydrophobically modified chitosan as carriers
for
doxorubicin.
Nanomedicine
3(4):258–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
nano.2007.08.002
Aikaterini-Foteini Metaxa et al.
9. The resulting emulsion is centrifuged and resuspended in
water for purification (3 × 10,000 rpm (11704 × g) for 5 min).
10. The last coating aims at improving the microsphere-protein
interactions.
11. Centrifuge for 5 min at 10,000 rpm.
12. The curve is constructed by absorption measurements of standard solutions of known concentration, since according to the
Lambert-Beer law, A = ε × b × c, the concentration of drug is
proportional to absorption.
13. SEM and TEM images are obtained on a FEI Inspect microscope with W (tungsten) filament operating at 25 kV and a
FEI CM20 microscope operating at 200 kV, respectively.
14. The spectra are scanned over the range of 4000–500 cm
−1
.
UV–vis absorption spectra in the wavelength range of 200–
800 nm were obtained on a Jasco V-650 spectrometer, with
UV–vis at 480 nm spectrometer.
15. An ultrasonic bath was used for sonication (Elma Sonic, S.
30H).
16. Structural units of cellulose.
17. The appearance of the peak at 1631 cm
−1
due to the absorption of the carbonyl amide bond and the absence of the peak
at 3669 cm
−1
due to vibration of O-H group of HPC is confirmed by the successful cross-linking. The absence of peak
attributed to hydroxyl groups of hydroxypropyl cellulose and
carboxylic acids of the CS confirms the ester bond formation.
References
1. Carr C, Ng J, Wigmore T (2008) The side
effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Curr
Anaesth Crit Care 19(2):70–79. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.cacc.2008.01.004
2. Kim GNS (2005) Targeted cancer nanotherapy. Nano Today 8:28–33
3. Arruebo M, Fernández-Pacheco R, Ibarra
MR, Santamaría J (2007) Magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery. Nano Today
2(3):22–32.
https://doi.org/10.1016/
s1748-0132(07)70084-1
4. Torchilin VP (2012) Multifunctional nanocarriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 64:302–315. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2012.09.031
5. Torchilin VP (2007) Targeted pharmaceutical nanocarriers for cancer therapy and imaging. AAPS J 9(2):E128–E147. https://doi.
org/10.1208/aapsj090201
6. Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Blanco-Fernandez B,
Puga AM, Concheiro A (2013) Crosslinked
ionic polysaccharides for stimuli-sensitive drug
delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 65(9):1148–
1171.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
addr.2013.04.016
7. Posocco B, Dreussi E, de Santa J, Toffoli G,
Abrami M, Musiani F, Grassi M, Farra R, Tonon
F, Grassi G, Dapas B (2015) Polysaccharides
for the delivery of antitumor drugs. Materials
8(5):2569–2615. https://doi.org/10.3390/
ma8052569
8. Park JH, Saravanakumar G, Kim K, Kwon IC
(2010) Targeted delivery of low molecular
drugs using chitosan and its derivatives. Adv
Drug Deliv Rev 62(1):28–41. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.addr.2009.10.003
9. Zhang J, Chen XG, Li YY, Liu CS (2007)
Self-assembled
nanoparticles
based
on
hydrophobically modified chitosan as carriers
for
doxorubicin.
Nanomedicine
3(4):258–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
nano.2007.08.002
Aikaterini-Foteini Metaxa et al.