480
C. Agus et al.
Leaders, including teachers are tutors and responsible for delivering tutoring services (“ngemong”) and providing independence based on students’ ability, but they
have to take necessary action if the independence is misused and causes danger for
them and others. The tutoring system considers the students as subjects and also as
object at the same time in education system. Learners as central figures are given
independence to develop and to grow. The interaction between the teachers and the
students is dialogical in nature. Students are active and creative in teaching-learning
process. The teachers not only deliver teaching and educating services, but also
improve students’ ability to find necessary knowledge. They only give guidance and
if the students do something dangerous they have to give them warning (Tutwuri Handayani), while continuously motivate their students (Ing Madya Mangun Karsa), and
constantly provide their students with models in behavior and speech (Ing Ngarsa
Sung Tulada). The core of the tutoring system is student-centered learning (Agus
2017).
Our national education is nowadays experiencing backwardness in terms of its
quality and the direction of its development as compared to the national education
of other countries. The direction of our national education does not have any clear
direction in facing global changes. Morally, the education failed to prepare generation
responsible for national advancement because they are not able to compete with other
nations on this globe (Subagya 2016).
9 Three Education Centers
According to Ki Hadjar Dewantara, education is a cultural and civilized effort to
advance human life and to improve human dignity. Schools play an important role in
cultivating cultural values. The objective of Tamansiswa is to prepare students to be
God believing and fearing human who are physically and psychologically independent, having noble, intelligent reason, skillful, and physically and psychologically
healthy in order to be independent member of society responsible for national prosperity, home country and human race in general. In the effort to achieve the objective
of the education, Tamansiswa establishes a harmonious cooperation among three centers of education as outlined by KHD, including: family environment, schools, and
social environment. There must be a good coordination among the three education
centers so that they can help each other in overcoming their respective disadvantages.
Also, they have to establish synergetic cooperation in planning and actuating and also
instituting education (Dewantara 2004, 2013a, b, 2015; Agus 2017).
During its development, the education tends to sterilize itself from culture. When
the education is lack of culture, teaching becomes very dominant. If the education
is dominated by teaching, intellectualism becomes unavoidable. Consequently, the
knowledge that students get is limited only to knowing and memorizing and not actualized. Recently, it is admitted that many advancements have been achieved. Various
regional and international achievements have been achieved by Indonesian students.
C. Agus et al.
Leaders, including teachers are tutors and responsible for delivering tutoring services (“ngemong”) and providing independence based on students’ ability, but they
have to take necessary action if the independence is misused and causes danger for
them and others. The tutoring system considers the students as subjects and also as
object at the same time in education system. Learners as central figures are given
independence to develop and to grow. The interaction between the teachers and the
students is dialogical in nature. Students are active and creative in teaching-learning
process. The teachers not only deliver teaching and educating services, but also
improve students’ ability to find necessary knowledge. They only give guidance and
if the students do something dangerous they have to give them warning (Tutwuri Handayani), while continuously motivate their students (Ing Madya Mangun Karsa), and
constantly provide their students with models in behavior and speech (Ing Ngarsa
Sung Tulada). The core of the tutoring system is student-centered learning (Agus
2017).
Our national education is nowadays experiencing backwardness in terms of its
quality and the direction of its development as compared to the national education
of other countries. The direction of our national education does not have any clear
direction in facing global changes. Morally, the education failed to prepare generation
responsible for national advancement because they are not able to compete with other
nations on this globe (Subagya 2016).
9 Three Education Centers
According to Ki Hadjar Dewantara, education is a cultural and civilized effort to
advance human life and to improve human dignity. Schools play an important role in
cultivating cultural values. The objective of Tamansiswa is to prepare students to be
God believing and fearing human who are physically and psychologically independent, having noble, intelligent reason, skillful, and physically and psychologically
healthy in order to be independent member of society responsible for national prosperity, home country and human race in general. In the effort to achieve the objective
of the education, Tamansiswa establishes a harmonious cooperation among three centers of education as outlined by KHD, including: family environment, schools, and
social environment. There must be a good coordination among the three education
centers so that they can help each other in overcoming their respective disadvantages.
Also, they have to establish synergetic cooperation in planning and actuating and also
instituting education (Dewantara 2004, 2013a, b, 2015; Agus 2017).
During its development, the education tends to sterilize itself from culture. When
the education is lack of culture, teaching becomes very dominant. If the education
is dominated by teaching, intellectualism becomes unavoidable. Consequently, the
knowledge that students get is limited only to knowing and memorizing and not actualized. Recently, it is admitted that many advancements have been achieved. Various
regional and international achievements have been achieved by Indonesian students.