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A. K. Yadav and S. Dash
operational inefficiencies of services; (ii) Limited utilization of recycling activities
and (iii) Indiscriminate landfill disposal. The focus on merely waste collection rather
than waste management, and the often observed ‘Not in my backyard’ approach of
communities has led to piling of waste at landfill site or on roadsides, results into
serious health and environmental hazards. The attempts made to manage waste have
largely involved the collection of waste from the households and thereafter dumping of the same in municipal landfill with over 65% of the waste collected getting
dumped and untreated. The problem in effect just gets transferred from one location
to another (Rastogi 2017). Waste recovery including recycling and composting is an
obvious option for reducing the waste amount to be disposed of. Furthermore, with
composting, valuable nutrients and organic matter can be potentially returned to the
soil (Zurbrugg et al. 2005).
To address the issue of solid waste and promote clean and safe environment, ITC
through its Social Investment brand ‘Mission Sunehra Kal’ developed four contextspecific solid waste management models for large cities, small towns, rural catchments and temples. The desired outcome of the solid waste management programme
is ‘Minimal waste to Landfill’ in a sustainable manner. The programme is in partnership with Municipal Corporations/Panchayati Raj Institutions and largely based
on the principle of ‘treatment close to the generator’ to reduce transportation and
associated costs, whilst minimizing waste load at landfill.
2 Background
Shivalik Nagar is a city in the Haridwar district, Uttarakhand, functioning as Nagar
Palika Parishad (NPP). It lies at the edge of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL)
Township and the SIDCUL industrial estate of state government, and 10 km away
from the Hindu pilgrimage city of Haridwar. Shivalik Nagar is inhabited by about
17,500 households. In a study to understand the practices to manage the waste at
household level, it was found that the residents dispose their waste in existing municipality dustbins and some private waste picker’s service households once or twice a
week. It was further found that due to a lack of organized disposal structure, there
were a large number of open dumps, littering around the city and burning of waste
which negatively impacted the environment and human health. The average waste
generation per day is 5.19 metric tons which comes to 155.7 tons in a month @300 g
per household. Out of this, approximately, 44.76% is an organic waste, and 24.43%
is a recyclable waste (Anon, Govt. of Uttarakhand 2017).
1
In 2015–16, ITC’s Social Investments Programme conducted a need assessment
using Rapid Rural Appraisal, Focus Group Discussions, Household Survey in Shivalik Nagar and an ITC factory catchment to understand the major challenges faced
by community. Among all identified problems, sanitation and solid waste was rated
1 Available at: http://udd.uk.gov.in/files/20170825_SWM_action_plan__revised_final_draft_with_
comments_sent_to_state-_August_II.pdf.
A. K. Yadav and S. Dash
operational inefficiencies of services; (ii) Limited utilization of recycling activities
and (iii) Indiscriminate landfill disposal. The focus on merely waste collection rather
than waste management, and the often observed ‘Not in my backyard’ approach of
communities has led to piling of waste at landfill site or on roadsides, results into
serious health and environmental hazards. The attempts made to manage waste have
largely involved the collection of waste from the households and thereafter dumping of the same in municipal landfill with over 65% of the waste collected getting
dumped and untreated. The problem in effect just gets transferred from one location
to another (Rastogi 2017). Waste recovery including recycling and composting is an
obvious option for reducing the waste amount to be disposed of. Furthermore, with
composting, valuable nutrients and organic matter can be potentially returned to the
soil (Zurbrugg et al. 2005).
To address the issue of solid waste and promote clean and safe environment, ITC
through its Social Investment brand ‘Mission Sunehra Kal’ developed four contextspecific solid waste management models for large cities, small towns, rural catchments and temples. The desired outcome of the solid waste management programme
is ‘Minimal waste to Landfill’ in a sustainable manner. The programme is in partnership with Municipal Corporations/Panchayati Raj Institutions and largely based
on the principle of ‘treatment close to the generator’ to reduce transportation and
associated costs, whilst minimizing waste load at landfill.
2 Background
Shivalik Nagar is a city in the Haridwar district, Uttarakhand, functioning as Nagar
Palika Parishad (NPP). It lies at the edge of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL)
Township and the SIDCUL industrial estate of state government, and 10 km away
from the Hindu pilgrimage city of Haridwar. Shivalik Nagar is inhabited by about
17,500 households. In a study to understand the practices to manage the waste at
household level, it was found that the residents dispose their waste in existing municipality dustbins and some private waste picker’s service households once or twice a
week. It was further found that due to a lack of organized disposal structure, there
were a large number of open dumps, littering around the city and burning of waste
which negatively impacted the environment and human health. The average waste
generation per day is 5.19 metric tons which comes to 155.7 tons in a month @300 g
per household. Out of this, approximately, 44.76% is an organic waste, and 24.43%
is a recyclable waste (Anon, Govt. of Uttarakhand 2017).
1
In 2015–16, ITC’s Social Investments Programme conducted a need assessment
using Rapid Rural Appraisal, Focus Group Discussions, Household Survey in Shivalik Nagar and an ITC factory catchment to understand the major challenges faced
by community. Among all identified problems, sanitation and solid waste was rated
1 Available at: http://udd.uk.gov.in/files/20170825_SWM_action_plan__revised_final_draft_with_
comments_sent_to_state-_August_II.pdf.