15 Sustainability Metrics in the Microalgae-Based …
387
approach, in which different operations of pre-treatments, thermo-chemical, biological and catalytic processes in addition to separation operations should be used to
obtain products and co-products, allowing the effective use of resources.
These approaches are still in its infancy, with the large majority of studies being
conducted at laboratory scale and few at pilot scale. Perhaps, the greatest challenge
is the understanding of material flows and their value in biological systems and
biopr–ocesses, for the expansion of these circuits based on the modern bioeconomy
aspirations.
References
Acién, F. G., Molina, E., Fernández-Sevilla, J. M., Barbosa, M., Gouveia, L., Sepúlveda, C., Bazaes,
J., & Arbib, Z. (2017). Economics of microalgae production. In Microalgae-based biofuels and
bioproducts (pp. 485–503). Woodhead Publishing.
Acién, F. G., Fernández, J. M., & Molina-Grima, E. (2014). Economics of microalgae biomass
production. In Biofuels from Algae (pp. 313–325). Elsevier.
Anvisa-Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency. (2018). Normative Instruction No. 28 of Ministry of
Health.
Beale, S. I.,& Weinstein, J. D. (1991). Biochemistry and regulation of photosynthetic pigment
formation in plants and algae. In New comprehensive biochemistry (Vol. 19, pp. 155–235).
Elsevier.
Bernhard, K., Müller, R. K., & Spruijtenburg, R. (1984). Process for the preparation of astaxanthin
and intermediates in the astaxanthin synthesis. European Patent EP0101597.
Bertrand, M. (2010). Carotenoid biosynthesis in diatoms. Photosynthesis Research, 106, 89–102.
Bilgen, S. (2014). Structure and environmental impact of global energy consumption. Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 38, 890–902.
Bogacz-Radomska, L., & Harasym, J. (2018). β-Carotene—Properties and production methods.
Food Quality and Safety, 2(2), 69–74.
Borowitzka, M. A., Borowitzka, L. J., & Kessly, D. (1990). Effects of salinity increase on carotenoid
accumulation in the green alga Dunaliella salina. Journal of Applied Phycology, 2(2), 111–119.
Boussiba, S., Vonshak, A., Cohen, Z., & Richmond, A., (2000). Procedure for large-scale production
of astaxanthin from Haematococcus. U.S. Patent No. 6,022,701. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent
and Trademark Office.
Britton, G., Liaaen-Jensen, S., & Pfander, H. (2017). Carotenoids: A colourful history. 1st ed.
CaroteNature, p. 236.
Britton, G., Liaaen-Jensen, S., & Pfander, H. (1996). Carotenoids (Vol. 2: Synthesis). Stuttgart,
Germany, Birkhaüser Verlag Basel.
Buchweitz, M. (2016). Natural solutions for blue colors in food. In Handbook on natural pigments
in food and beverages (pp. 355–384). Woodhead Publishing.
Cezare-Gomes, E. A., del Carmen Mejia-da-Silva, L., Pérez-Mora, L. S., Matsudo, M. C., FerreiraCamargo, L. S., Singh, A. K., et al. (2019). Potential of microalgae carotenoids for industrial
application. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 188(3), 602–634.
Chen, J., Wu, Y., Xu, C., Song, M., & Liu, X. (2019). Global non-fossil fuel consumption: Driving
factors, disparities, and trends. Management Decision, 57(4), 791–810.
D’Alessandro, E. B., & Antoniosi Filho, N. R. (2016). Concepts and studies on lipid and pigments
of microalgae: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 58, 832–841.
Dainippon Ink and Chemicals (DIC). (2019). Viewed 10 Jane 2019. Retrieved from http://www.
dic-global.com/en/products/health_foods/.
387
approach, in which different operations of pre-treatments, thermo-chemical, biological and catalytic processes in addition to separation operations should be used to
obtain products and co-products, allowing the effective use of resources.
These approaches are still in its infancy, with the large majority of studies being
conducted at laboratory scale and few at pilot scale. Perhaps, the greatest challenge
is the understanding of material flows and their value in biological systems and
biopr–ocesses, for the expansion of these circuits based on the modern bioeconomy
aspirations.
References
Acién, F. G., Molina, E., Fernández-Sevilla, J. M., Barbosa, M., Gouveia, L., Sepúlveda, C., Bazaes,
J., & Arbib, Z. (2017). Economics of microalgae production. In Microalgae-based biofuels and
bioproducts (pp. 485–503). Woodhead Publishing.
Acién, F. G., Fernández, J. M., & Molina-Grima, E. (2014). Economics of microalgae biomass
production. In Biofuels from Algae (pp. 313–325). Elsevier.
Anvisa-Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency. (2018). Normative Instruction No. 28 of Ministry of
Health.
Beale, S. I.,& Weinstein, J. D. (1991). Biochemistry and regulation of photosynthetic pigment
formation in plants and algae. In New comprehensive biochemistry (Vol. 19, pp. 155–235).
Elsevier.
Bernhard, K., Müller, R. K., & Spruijtenburg, R. (1984). Process for the preparation of astaxanthin
and intermediates in the astaxanthin synthesis. European Patent EP0101597.
Bertrand, M. (2010). Carotenoid biosynthesis in diatoms. Photosynthesis Research, 106, 89–102.
Bilgen, S. (2014). Structure and environmental impact of global energy consumption. Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 38, 890–902.
Bogacz-Radomska, L., & Harasym, J. (2018). β-Carotene—Properties and production methods.
Food Quality and Safety, 2(2), 69–74.
Borowitzka, M. A., Borowitzka, L. J., & Kessly, D. (1990). Effects of salinity increase on carotenoid
accumulation in the green alga Dunaliella salina. Journal of Applied Phycology, 2(2), 111–119.
Boussiba, S., Vonshak, A., Cohen, Z., & Richmond, A., (2000). Procedure for large-scale production
of astaxanthin from Haematococcus. U.S. Patent No. 6,022,701. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent
and Trademark Office.
Britton, G., Liaaen-Jensen, S., & Pfander, H. (2017). Carotenoids: A colourful history. 1st ed.
CaroteNature, p. 236.
Britton, G., Liaaen-Jensen, S., & Pfander, H. (1996). Carotenoids (Vol. 2: Synthesis). Stuttgart,
Germany, Birkhaüser Verlag Basel.
Buchweitz, M. (2016). Natural solutions for blue colors in food. In Handbook on natural pigments
in food and beverages (pp. 355–384). Woodhead Publishing.
Cezare-Gomes, E. A., del Carmen Mejia-da-Silva, L., Pérez-Mora, L. S., Matsudo, M. C., FerreiraCamargo, L. S., Singh, A. K., et al. (2019). Potential of microalgae carotenoids for industrial
application. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 188(3), 602–634.
Chen, J., Wu, Y., Xu, C., Song, M., & Liu, X. (2019). Global non-fossil fuel consumption: Driving
factors, disparities, and trends. Management Decision, 57(4), 791–810.
D’Alessandro, E. B., & Antoniosi Filho, N. R. (2016). Concepts and studies on lipid and pigments
of microalgae: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 58, 832–841.
Dainippon Ink and Chemicals (DIC). (2019). Viewed 10 Jane 2019. Retrieved from http://www.
dic-global.com/en/products/health_foods/.