2 Carotenoids in Phototrophic Microalgae …
27
Table 2.2 (continued)
Gene
Enzyme
Species
References
crtL, crtL-b, lcy-b Lycopene β-cyclase
Synechococcus
elongatus PCC 7942
Prochlorococcus
marinus MED4
Cyanidioschyzon
merolae NIES-1332
Phaeodactylum
tricornutum 646
Dunaliella salina
CCAP 19/30
Haematococcus
pluvialis NIES-144
Cunningham et al.
(1994)
Stickforth et al. (2003)
Cunningham et al.
(2007)
Dambek et al. (2012)
Ramos et al. (2008)
Steinbrenner and Linden
(2003)
cruA
Lycopene β-cyclase
Arthrospira platensis
NIES-39
Synechococcus sp.
PCC 7002
Synechocystis sp. PCC
6803
Sugiyama et al. (2017)
Maresca et al. (2007)
Xiong et al. (2017)
cruP
Lycopene β-cyclase
Synechococcus sp.
PCC 7002
Maresca et al. (2007)
crtL-e, lcy-e
Lycopene ε-cyclase
Prochlorococcus
marinus MED4
Chlromochloris
zofingiensis SAG
211-14
Stickforth et al. (2003)
Cordero et al. (2012)
crtR
β-Carotene hydroxylase Anabaena sp. PCC
7120
Anabaena variabilis
ATCC 29413
Synechocystis sp. PCC
6803
Haematococcus
pluvialis NIES-144
Mochimaru et al. (2008)
Makino et al. (2008)
Masamoto et al. (1998)
Lagarde and Vermaas
(1999)
Lagarde et al. (2000)
Linden (1999)
CYP97, chy1
β-Carotene hydroxylase
(P450-type)
Porphyra umbilicalis
Yang et al. (2014)
crtG
β-Carotene
2-hydroxylase
Thermosynechococcus
elongates BP-1
Iwai et al. (2008)
zep, npq
Zeaxanthin epoxidase
Madagascaria
erythrocladioides
Phaeodactylum
tricornutum
Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii CC-125
Dautermann and Lohr
(2017)
Eilers et al. (2016)
Baroli et al. (2003)
vde
Violaxanthin
de-epoxidase
Mantonilla squamata Goss (2003)
(continued)