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Table 14.1 Different microalgal pigments and their algal sources
Pigment present Microalgae
Reference
Chlorophyll a
Chlorella
(Bewicke and Potter 2009a)
Chlorophyll b
Spirogyra, Chlorella, and Euglena
gracilis
(Cunningham and Schiff 1986)
α-carotene
Dunaliella salina
(Christaki et al. 2013)
β-carotene
Chlorella zofingiensis, Dunaliella
salina, Coccomyxa acidophila, and
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae
(Sathasivam and Ki 2018; Del Campo
et al. 2007; Ranga Rao et al. 2010)
Phycocyanin
Galdiera suphuraria, Spirulina
platensis, Spirulina fusiformis,
Spirulina maxima, Porphyridium
cruentum, Anabaena marina,
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae,
Arthronema africanum, Coccochloris
elabens,Cyanidium
caldarium,Gracilaria
chilensis,Lyngbya sp., Mastigocladus
laminosus, Microcystis, Nostoc,
Phormidium, Oscillatoria
quadripunctulata, Phormidium
fragile, Synechocystis sp.,
Synechococcus elongates,
Synechococcus lividu,s and
Synechococcus vulcanus
(Benedetti et al. 2004; Kuddus et al.
2013; Cuellar-Bermudez et al. 2015)
Phycoerythrin
Rhodosorus marinus, Porphyridium
cruentum
(Sekar and Chandramohan 2008)
Astaxanthin
Haematococcus pluvialis, Chlorella
zofingiensis, Neochloris wimmeri,
Chlorococcum, Botryococcus braunii,
Scotiellopsis oocystiformis,
Diacronema vlkianum, and Euglena
rubida
(Sathasivam and Ki 2018; Ranga Rao
et al. 2010; Christaki et al. 2013;
Durmaz et al. 2009; Zhang and Lee
1997; Del Campo et al. 2004)
Canthaxanthin Coelastrella striolata var.,
Multistriata, Chlorella vulgaris, and
Anabaena spp
(Sathasivam and Ki 2018; Abe et al.
2007; Cha et al. 2008)
Lutein
Chlorella vulgaris, Coccomyxa
acidophila, Auxenochlorella
Protothecoides, Chlorella
pyrenoidosa, Chlorella sorokiniana,
Coelastrella sp., Galdieria
sulphuraria, Parachlorella kessleri,
Scenedesmus bijugus, and Vischeria
stellate
(Sathasivam and Ki 2018;
Cuellar-Bermudez et al. 2015; Del
Campo et al. 2000; Ranga Rao et al.
2010)
Echinenone
Botryococcus braunii
(Sathasivam and Ki 2018; Tonegawa
et al. 1998)
(continued)