7 Analytical Protocols in Carotenoid Analysis
161
Table 7.1
(continued)
Sample type
Targeted
pigments for
analysis
Stationary phase
Mobile phase
Detection/Identification References
Microalgae samples
Carotenoids
and
chlorophylls
C
18 -1.8
μm, 150
× 2.1 mm
Gradient; A: 70:20:10
acetonitrile:methanol:tert-butyl-methyl
ether; B: 10 mM aqueous ammonium
acetate; 0.5 mL/min
UV/Vis:
450 nm—coupled to
TWIM e
-Q-TOF and
ESI interface
Pacini et al.
(2015)
Selected marine
phytoplankton cultures
Carotenoids
and
chlorophylls
C
18 -Pentafluorophenyl-3
μm,
150
× 4.6 mm
Gradient; A: 82:18 methanol: 225 mM
aqueous ammonium acetate (v/v); B:
ethanol; 1 mL/min
UV/Vis: 320–720 nm
Sanz et al.
(2015)
Selected marine
phytoplankton cultures
Carotenoids
and
chlorophylls
UHPLC: C
8 -1.8
μm, 50
×
4.6 mm
HPLC: C
8 -3
μm, 150
×
4.6 mm
Gradient; A: 70:30 methanol:28 mM
aqueous tetrabutylammonium acetate,
pH 6.5(v/v); B: methanol; 2 mL/min
(UHPLC), 1.2 mL/min (HPLC)
UV/Vis: 350–700 nm
Suzuki et al.
(2015)
Microalgae samples
Carotenoids 1-aminoanthracene-1.7
μm,
100
× 3 mm
Gradient; A: CO
2 ; B: methanol;
2 mL/min
UV/Vis:
430 nm—coupled to
Q-ion trap and ESI
interface
Jumaah et al.
(2016)
Seawater samples
Carotenoids
and
chlorophylls
C
8 -1.8
μm, 100
× 2.1 mm
Gradient; A: 0.03 M aqueous
ammonium acetate; B: acetonitrile; C:
methanol; 0.3 mL/min
UV/Vis coupled to
triple Q and ESI
interface
Zhang et al.
(2016)
Microalgae and
cyanobacteria samples
Carotenoids C
30 -5
μm, 250
× 4.6 mm
Gradient; 95:5 0.1% triethylamine f
in
methanol:tert-butyl-methyl ether (v/v);
0.9 mL/min
UV/Vis:
450 nm—coupled to
ion trap and APCI
source
Patias et al.
(2017)
Biomass from microalgae
strains
Carotenoids C
18 -5
μm, 150
× 4.6 mm
Gradient; A: 1:4 water:methanol (v/v);
B: 1:1 acetone:methanol (v/v);
1 mL/min
UV/Vis: 360–700 nm
Cerón-García
et al. (2018)
(continued)