12 Ligand Effects in Ruthenium Nanoparticle Catalysis
433
Table 12.2
(continued)
Metal precursor
Stabilizing ligand
Synthetic approach
Catalysis
Comments
Refs.
RuCl
3
·3H 2 O
PVPy
Reduction by NaBH
4
Hydrogenation of arenes and
N-heteroaromatic
compounds
Dual homolytic/heterolytic
hydrogenation mechanism
[34]
Ru(COD)(COT) Hexadecylamine, C60, PVP
and IPr
H
2 ,
−80 °C, 24h, THF
Ligand effect in the
hydrogenation of
nitrobenzene
More e -
attractor ligand
(C60)
→ higher
activity/selectivity
[37]