160
Y. Min et al.
Fig. 5.23 Proposed
structures of DNA
nucleosides bound to the
gold nanoparticles.
Reproduced with permission
from Ref. [138]
nation of the dA, dC, and dG is stronger to Au NP than that of dT. The dA mainly
binds to Au NP via an N atom of the imidazole ring, and the NH 2 group participates in the coordination process. The dC binds to the Au surface via an N atom of
the pyrimidine ring with a partial contribution from the oxygen of C=O group. The
coordination of dG implicates both the N atom and the oxygen of the C=O group of
the pyrimidine ring. Only dT binds to the Au surfaces via the oxygen of C=O group
of the pyrimidine ring.
One-dimensional DNA@Au NP wires were generated by a method involving
the incorporation of a functionalized Au NP (psoralen-modified NP, 3 nm) into
double-stranded DNA, followed by the photochemical cross-linking (λ = 360 nm)
of the ligand to the DNA matrix [139]. Under these conditions, psoralen undergoes
a photo-induced 2π + 2π cycloaddition with the thymine residues, a process that
leads to the covalent attachment of the ligand to the DNA. Labean et al. used a
combination of self-assembly, molecular recognition, and templating, which rely on
an oligonucleotide covalently bounded to a high-affinity gold-binding peptide. After
integration of the peptide-coupled DNA into a self-assembling super-structure, the
templated peptides recognize and bind the Au NP [140]. Gold nanoparticles, 1.4 nm
in diameter, were assembled in 2-D arrays with inter-particle spacing of 4 and 64 nm.
The NP formed precisely integrated components, which are covalently bonded to the
DNA scaffolding. For the self-assembly of NP into 3-D lattices, the use of DNA
origami frames (rigid and with well-defined geometries) has emerged as a promising
solution [141]. Thus, the 3-D organization of Au NP (7, 10, and 15 nm) spatially
arranged in pre-determined positions was reported using DNA origami octahedron
as frame [142]. The octahedra can serve as programmable inter-particle linkers. 2-D
Y. Min et al.
Fig. 5.23 Proposed
structures of DNA
nucleosides bound to the
gold nanoparticles.
Reproduced with permission
from Ref. [138]
nation of the dA, dC, and dG is stronger to Au NP than that of dT. The dA mainly
binds to Au NP via an N atom of the imidazole ring, and the NH 2 group participates in the coordination process. The dC binds to the Au surface via an N atom of
the pyrimidine ring with a partial contribution from the oxygen of C=O group. The
coordination of dG implicates both the N atom and the oxygen of the C=O group of
the pyrimidine ring. Only dT binds to the Au surfaces via the oxygen of C=O group
of the pyrimidine ring.
One-dimensional DNA@Au NP wires were generated by a method involving
the incorporation of a functionalized Au NP (psoralen-modified NP, 3 nm) into
double-stranded DNA, followed by the photochemical cross-linking (λ = 360 nm)
of the ligand to the DNA matrix [139]. Under these conditions, psoralen undergoes
a photo-induced 2π + 2π cycloaddition with the thymine residues, a process that
leads to the covalent attachment of the ligand to the DNA. Labean et al. used a
combination of self-assembly, molecular recognition, and templating, which rely on
an oligonucleotide covalently bounded to a high-affinity gold-binding peptide. After
integration of the peptide-coupled DNA into a self-assembling super-structure, the
templated peptides recognize and bind the Au NP [140]. Gold nanoparticles, 1.4 nm
in diameter, were assembled in 2-D arrays with inter-particle spacing of 4 and 64 nm.
The NP formed precisely integrated components, which are covalently bonded to the
DNA scaffolding. For the self-assembly of NP into 3-D lattices, the use of DNA
origami frames (rigid and with well-defined geometries) has emerged as a promising
solution [141]. Thus, the 3-D organization of Au NP (7, 10, and 15 nm) spatially
arranged in pre-determined positions was reported using DNA origami octahedron
as frame [142]. The octahedra can serve as programmable inter-particle linkers. 2-D