89
Larson, R. A., Sharma, B. K., Marley, K. A., Kunwar, B., Murali, D., & Scott, J. (2017). Potential
antioxidants for biodiesel from a softwood lignin pyrolyzate. Industrial Crops and Products,
109, 476–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.08.053.
Lauberts, M., Sevastyanova, O., Ponomarenko, J., Dizhbite, T., Dobele, G., Volperts, A., &
Telysheva, G. (2017). Fractionation of technical lignin with ionic liquids as a method for
improving purity and antioxidant activity. Industrial Crops and Products, 95, 512–520. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.11.004.
Li, H., & Peng, L. (2015). Antimicrobial and antioxidant surface modification of cellulose fibers
using layer-by-layer deposition of chitosan and lignosulfonates. Carbohydrate Polymers, 124,
35–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.01.071.
Li, M. F., Sun, S. N., Xu, F., & Sun, R. C. (2012). Microwave-assisted organic acid extraction of
lignin from bamboo: Structure and antioxidant activity investigation. Food Chemistry, 134(3),
1392–1398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.03.037.
Li, Y., Qiu, X., Qian, Y., Xiong, W., & Yang, D. (2017). pH-responsive lignin-based complex micelles: Preparation, characterization and application in oral drug delivery. Chemical
Engineering Journal, 327, 1176–1183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.07.022.
Li, R. J., Gutierrez, J., Chung, Y. L., Frank, C. W., Billington, S. L., & Sattely, E. S. (2018a). A
lignin-epoxy resin derived from biomass as an alternative to formaldehyde-based wood adhesives. Green Chemistry, 20(7), 1459–1466. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7gc03026f.
Li, Z., Zhang, J., Qin, L., & Ge, Y. (2018b). Enhancing antioxidant performance of lignin by enzymatic treatment with laccase. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 6(2), 2591–2595.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b04070.
Libralato, G., Avezzù, F., & Ghirardini, A. V. (2011). Lignin and tannin toxicity to Phaeodactylum
tricornutum (Bohlin). Journal of Hazardous Materials, 194, 435–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jhazmat.2011.07.103.
Liu, H. C., Chien, A. T., Newcomb, B. A., Liu, Y., & Kumar, S. (2015). Processing, structure, and properties of lignin-and CNT-incorporated polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers.
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 3(9), 1943–1954. https://doi.org/10.1021/
acssuschemeng.5b00562.
Liu, D., Li, Y., Qian, Y., Xiao, Y., Du, S., & Qiu, X. (2017). Synergistic antioxidant performance
of lignin and quercetin mixtures. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 5(9), 8424–8428.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02282.
Liu, R., Dai, L., Zou, Z., & Si, C. (2018). Drug-loaded poly (L-lactide)/lignin stereocomplex film
for enhancing stability and sustained release of trans-resveratrol. International Journal of
Biological Macromolecules, 119, 1129–1136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.040.
Lu, Q., Zhu, M., Zu, Y., Liu, W., Yang, L., Zhang, Y., Zhao, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, X., & Li,
W. (2012). Comparative antioxidant activity of nanoscale lignin prepared by a supercritical
antisolvent (SAS) process with non-nanoscale lignin. Food Chemistry, 135(1), 63–67. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.070.
Marulasiddeshwara, M. B., Dakshayani, S. S., Kumar, M. N. S., Chethana, R., Kumar, P. R.,
& Devaraja, S. (2017). Facile-one pot-green synthesis, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and antiplatelet activities of lignin capped silver nanoparticles: A promising therapeutic agent. Materials Science and Engineering: C 81, 182–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
msec.2017.07.054.
Morales, J. C., & Lucas, R. (2010). Structure–activity relationship of phenolic antioxidants
and olive components. In V. R. Preedy & R. R. Watson (Eds.), Olives and olive oil in
health and disease prevention (pp. 905–914). London: Academic. https://doi.org/10.1016/
B978-0-12-374420-3.00097-8.
Morandim-Giannetti, A. A., Agnelli, J. A. M., Lanças, B. Z., Magnabosco, R., Casarin, S. A.,
& Bettini, S. H. P. (2012). Lignin as additive in polypropylene/coir composites: Thermal,
mechanical and morphological properties. Carbohydrate Polymers, 87(4), 2563–2568. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.11.041.
5 Lignin as a Natural Antioxidant: Property-Structure Relationship and Potential…
Larson, R. A., Sharma, B. K., Marley, K. A., Kunwar, B., Murali, D., & Scott, J. (2017). Potential
antioxidants for biodiesel from a softwood lignin pyrolyzate. Industrial Crops and Products,
109, 476–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.08.053.
Lauberts, M., Sevastyanova, O., Ponomarenko, J., Dizhbite, T., Dobele, G., Volperts, A., &
Telysheva, G. (2017). Fractionation of technical lignin with ionic liquids as a method for
improving purity and antioxidant activity. Industrial Crops and Products, 95, 512–520. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.11.004.
Li, H., & Peng, L. (2015). Antimicrobial and antioxidant surface modification of cellulose fibers
using layer-by-layer deposition of chitosan and lignosulfonates. Carbohydrate Polymers, 124,
35–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.01.071.
Li, M. F., Sun, S. N., Xu, F., & Sun, R. C. (2012). Microwave-assisted organic acid extraction of
lignin from bamboo: Structure and antioxidant activity investigation. Food Chemistry, 134(3),
1392–1398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.03.037.
Li, Y., Qiu, X., Qian, Y., Xiong, W., & Yang, D. (2017). pH-responsive lignin-based complex micelles: Preparation, characterization and application in oral drug delivery. Chemical
Engineering Journal, 327, 1176–1183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.07.022.
Li, R. J., Gutierrez, J., Chung, Y. L., Frank, C. W., Billington, S. L., & Sattely, E. S. (2018a). A
lignin-epoxy resin derived from biomass as an alternative to formaldehyde-based wood adhesives. Green Chemistry, 20(7), 1459–1466. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7gc03026f.
Li, Z., Zhang, J., Qin, L., & Ge, Y. (2018b). Enhancing antioxidant performance of lignin by enzymatic treatment with laccase. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 6(2), 2591–2595.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b04070.
Libralato, G., Avezzù, F., & Ghirardini, A. V. (2011). Lignin and tannin toxicity to Phaeodactylum
tricornutum (Bohlin). Journal of Hazardous Materials, 194, 435–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
jhazmat.2011.07.103.
Liu, H. C., Chien, A. T., Newcomb, B. A., Liu, Y., & Kumar, S. (2015). Processing, structure, and properties of lignin-and CNT-incorporated polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers.
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 3(9), 1943–1954. https://doi.org/10.1021/
acssuschemeng.5b00562.
Liu, D., Li, Y., Qian, Y., Xiao, Y., Du, S., & Qiu, X. (2017). Synergistic antioxidant performance
of lignin and quercetin mixtures. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 5(9), 8424–8428.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02282.
Liu, R., Dai, L., Zou, Z., & Si, C. (2018). Drug-loaded poly (L-lactide)/lignin stereocomplex film
for enhancing stability and sustained release of trans-resveratrol. International Journal of
Biological Macromolecules, 119, 1129–1136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.040.
Lu, Q., Zhu, M., Zu, Y., Liu, W., Yang, L., Zhang, Y., Zhao, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, X., & Li,
W. (2012). Comparative antioxidant activity of nanoscale lignin prepared by a supercritical
antisolvent (SAS) process with non-nanoscale lignin. Food Chemistry, 135(1), 63–67. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.070.
Marulasiddeshwara, M. B., Dakshayani, S. S., Kumar, M. N. S., Chethana, R., Kumar, P. R.,
& Devaraja, S. (2017). Facile-one pot-green synthesis, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and antiplatelet activities of lignin capped silver nanoparticles: A promising therapeutic agent. Materials Science and Engineering: C 81, 182–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
msec.2017.07.054.
Morales, J. C., & Lucas, R. (2010). Structure–activity relationship of phenolic antioxidants
and olive components. In V. R. Preedy & R. R. Watson (Eds.), Olives and olive oil in
health and disease prevention (pp. 905–914). London: Academic. https://doi.org/10.1016/
B978-0-12-374420-3.00097-8.
Morandim-Giannetti, A. A., Agnelli, J. A. M., Lanças, B. Z., Magnabosco, R., Casarin, S. A.,
& Bettini, S. H. P. (2012). Lignin as additive in polypropylene/coir composites: Thermal,
mechanical and morphological properties. Carbohydrate Polymers, 87(4), 2563–2568. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.11.041.
5 Lignin as a Natural Antioxidant: Property-Structure Relationship and Potential…