INDEX
A
Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE).......................... 224
Acid hydrolysis ......................................... 181, 183, 185,
187, 188, 191–201
Algal biomass.............................................. 5, 27, 64, 96,
125, 128, 154, 185, 195–197, 203, 210, 216,
218, 226, 233, 235–239
Amino acids ......................................................... 19, 165,
234, 238–240
Ammonium .......................................... 38, 71–73, 75–77
Analytical hydrolysis..................................................... 192
Autofluorescence...................................................... 51–52
B
Ball-milling ................................................................... 184
Biochemical pathways .................................................. 155
Biofuel.......................................... 11, 15, 20, 28–29, 35,
63, 106, 110, 111, 115, 121, 122, 125, 128, 129,
132, 134–137, 153–168, 203, 215, 224
Biogas production............................................................ 6
Biogenic silica ........................................................ 95–101
Biohydrogen ............................................... 153, 161–162
Biorefinery(ies) ................................................ 9–29, 103,
104, 111, 113, 154, 191
approach .......................................................... 29, 154
Bioremediation technology ......................................... 111
C
Carbohydrate
assay ............................................................... 181, 182
content................................. 153, 181, 182, 191–201
Carbon .................................................. 5, 23, 24, 35, 39,
41, 63–69, 85, 87, 88, 95, 111, 137, 155, 161,
162, 216, 224
footprint ................................................................. 105
Carbon dioxide (CO 2 )...................................... 1–3, 5–7,
35, 38, 41, 63, 64, 69, 79, 109–111, 114, 122,
135, 136, 143, 153, 154, 160, 162, 235
Carboxylation ...................................................... 156, 160
CED, see Cumulative energy demand
Chlorophyll a (Chl a) .............................................. 41–44
CO 2 , see Carbon dioxide
Co-culturing ............................................................ 27, 28
Colorimetric methods................... 87, 96, 182, 233, 234
Co-products ..................................... 113, 122, 132–135,
141, 142, 144, 233
Cradle-to-gate .............................................................. 107
Cradle-to-grave ............................................................ 107
Cumulative energy demand (CED) .......... 111, 115, 137
Cyanobacteria ......................................... 45, 71, 173–179
D
DCMU ............................................................ 42–45, 162
Defining system boundary.................................. 128–129
Diatom............................................. 39, 95, 96, 101, 157
DIC, see Dissolved inorganic carbon
Direct amino acid quantification................................. 234
Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC)................... 64, 66, 68
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) 64, 66–67, 72, 81, 88
Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) ..................... 71–73,
77–78, 82, 88
Dissolved silica (DSi) ............................................... 95–99
DOC, see Dissolved organic carbon
DON, see Dissolved organic nitrogen
E
Economic allocation ......................... 113, 114, 133, 134
Electron transport rate................................................... 41
ELSD, see Evaporative light scattering detection
End-of-life scenario...................................................... 111
Energy allocation ................................................ 113, 114
Energy return on energy investment (EROI) .......... 111,
136, 137
Environmental
exergonomics ..................................................... 14–20
footprint ................................................................. 122
hazards ........................................................................ 9
risk assessment........................................................ 104
Epifluorescence ....................................................... 48, 51
EROI, see Energy return on energy investment
Evaporative light scattering detection
(ELSD)..................................................... 224, 225
Exergy efficiency................................................ 14, 25, 28
F
Fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRF) ............... 42, 43
Fermentation ......................... 26–29, 161, 164, 191, 192
Flocculation .................................................................. 6, 7
Kristian Spilling (ed.), Biofuels from Algae: Methods and Protocols, Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 1980,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9416-8, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
247
A
Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE).......................... 224
Acid hydrolysis ......................................... 181, 183, 185,
187, 188, 191–201
Algal biomass.............................................. 5, 27, 64, 96,
125, 128, 154, 185, 195–197, 203, 210, 216,
218, 226, 233, 235–239
Amino acids ......................................................... 19, 165,
234, 238–240
Ammonium .......................................... 38, 71–73, 75–77
Analytical hydrolysis..................................................... 192
Autofluorescence...................................................... 51–52
B
Ball-milling ................................................................... 184
Biochemical pathways .................................................. 155
Biofuel.......................................... 11, 15, 20, 28–29, 35,
63, 106, 110, 111, 115, 121, 122, 125, 128, 129,
132, 134–137, 153–168, 203, 215, 224
Biogas production............................................................ 6
Biogenic silica ........................................................ 95–101
Biohydrogen ............................................... 153, 161–162
Biorefinery(ies) ................................................ 9–29, 103,
104, 111, 113, 154, 191
approach .......................................................... 29, 154
Bioremediation technology ......................................... 111
C
Carbohydrate
assay ............................................................... 181, 182
content................................. 153, 181, 182, 191–201
Carbon .................................................. 5, 23, 24, 35, 39,
41, 63–69, 85, 87, 88, 95, 111, 137, 155, 161,
162, 216, 224
footprint ................................................................. 105
Carbon dioxide (CO 2 )...................................... 1–3, 5–7,
35, 38, 41, 63, 64, 69, 79, 109–111, 114, 122,
135, 136, 143, 153, 154, 160, 162, 235
Carboxylation ...................................................... 156, 160
CED, see Cumulative energy demand
Chlorophyll a (Chl a) .............................................. 41–44
CO 2 , see Carbon dioxide
Co-culturing ............................................................ 27, 28
Colorimetric methods................... 87, 96, 182, 233, 234
Co-products ..................................... 113, 122, 132–135,
141, 142, 144, 233
Cradle-to-gate .............................................................. 107
Cradle-to-grave ............................................................ 107
Cumulative energy demand (CED) .......... 111, 115, 137
Cyanobacteria ......................................... 45, 71, 173–179
D
DCMU ............................................................ 42–45, 162
Defining system boundary.................................. 128–129
Diatom............................................. 39, 95, 96, 101, 157
DIC, see Dissolved inorganic carbon
Direct amino acid quantification................................. 234
Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC)................... 64, 66, 68
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) 64, 66–67, 72, 81, 88
Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) ..................... 71–73,
77–78, 82, 88
Dissolved silica (DSi) ............................................... 95–99
DOC, see Dissolved organic carbon
DON, see Dissolved organic nitrogen
E
Economic allocation ......................... 113, 114, 133, 134
Electron transport rate................................................... 41
ELSD, see Evaporative light scattering detection
End-of-life scenario...................................................... 111
Energy allocation ................................................ 113, 114
Energy return on energy investment (EROI) .......... 111,
136, 137
Environmental
exergonomics ..................................................... 14–20
footprint ................................................................. 122
hazards ........................................................................ 9
risk assessment........................................................ 104
Epifluorescence ....................................................... 48, 51
EROI, see Energy return on energy investment
Evaporative light scattering detection
(ELSD)..................................................... 224, 225
Exergy efficiency................................................ 14, 25, 28
F
Fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRF) ............... 42, 43
Fermentation ......................... 26–29, 161, 164, 191, 192
Flocculation .................................................................. 6, 7
Kristian Spilling (ed.), Biofuels from Algae: Methods and Protocols, Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 1980,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9416-8, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
247