°0’E
°0’E
°0’E
°0’E
°0’E
°0’S
°0’S
°0’S
0-500
501-1000
001-3000
>3000
ELEVATION
(m.a.s.l)
0
2 5 0
5 0 0
125
Km
L
001-1500
501-2000
°0’E
°0’E
°0’E
°0’E
°0’E
°0’S
°0’S
°0’S
GEOLOGY
0
2 5 0
5 0 0
125
Km
Water
No Data
Unconsolidated Sediments
Siliciclastic Sedimentary
Mixed Sedimentary
Carbonate Sedimentary
Pyroclastics
Evaporites
Metamorphic
Acid Plutonic
Intermediate Plutonic
Basic Plutonic
Acid Volcanic
Intermediate Volcanic
Basic Volcanic
L
Fig. 13.1 Key environmental conditions of South Africa. ELEVATION: Data obtained from the
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM; USGS 2014) illustrate how South Africa’s terrain varies
from zero along the coastline to well over 3000 m above sea level in the Drakensberg mountains.
GEOLOGY: Hartmann and Moosdorf (2012) describe 15 dominant rock types in a global lithology
and geology (GLiM) assessment. South Africa has 12 of these 15 types, with siliciclastic sedimentary properties dominating (53%) followed by unconsolidated sediments (13%).
13 The Role of Environmental Factors in Promoting and Limiting Invasions
357