Measey J, Davies SJ, Vimercati G et al (2017) Invasive amphibians in southern Africa: a review of
invasion pathways. Bothalia Afr Biodivers Conserv 47:a2117. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.
v47i2.2117
Measey J, Hui C, Somers M (2020) Terrestrial vertebrate invasions in South Africa. In: van Wilgen
BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in
South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 113–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_5
Middleton L (2015) South African consumers’ selection criteria for ornamental plants: a market
perspective. S Afr J Plant Soil 32:253–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2015.1025445
Mitchell M (2014a) A brief history of transport infrastructure in South Africa up to the end of the
20th century. Chapter 1: setting the scene. Civ Eng 22:35–38
Mitchell M (2014b) A brief history of transport infrastructure in South Africa up to the end of the
20th century. Chapter 2: early days of railways and harbours. Civ Eng 22:74–77
Mitchell M (2014c) A brief history of transport infrastructure in South Africa up to the end of the
20th century. Chapter 5: ports and pipelines. Civ Eng 22:74–77
Moll F, Roch F (1931) The Teredinidae of the British Museum, the natural history museums at
Glasgow and Manchester, and the Jeffreys collection. Proc Malacol Soc Lond 19:201–218
Moran VC, Hoffmann JH, Zimmermann HG (2013) 100 years of biological control of invasive
alien plants in South Africa: history, practice and achievements. S Afr J Sci 109:1–6. https://doi.
org/10.1590/sajs.2013/a0022
Moser CS, Wier TP, First MR et al (2017) Quantifying the extent of niche areas in the global fleet of
commercial ships: the potential for “super-hot spots” of biofouling. Biol Invasion
19:1745–1759. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1386-4
Nelufule T (2018) An assessment of alien terrestrial invertebrate species in the pet trade in
South Africa. Dissertation, University of Pretoria
Noble J (1886) Official handbook. History, productions, and resources of the Cape of Good Hope.
Saul Solomon, Cape Town
Nogales M, Martín A, Tershy BR et al (2004) Review of feral cat eradications on islands. Conserv
Biol 18:310–319. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00442.x
Ojaveer H, Olenin S, Narščius A et al (2017) Dynamics of biological invasions and pathways over
time: a case study of a temperate coastal sea. Biol Invasion 19:799–813. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s10530-016-1316-x
Padayachee AL, Irlich UM, Faulkner KT et al (2017) How do invasive species travel to and through
urban environments? Biol Invasion 19:3557–3570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1596-9
Pergl J, Pyšek P, Bacher S et al (2017) Troubling travellers: are ecologically harmful alien species
associated with particular introduction pathways? NeoBiota 32:1–20. https://doi.org/10.3897/
neobiota.32.10199
Peters K, Robinson TB (2017) First record of the marine alien amphipod Caprella mutica (Schurin ,
1935) in South Africa. BioInvasion Rec 6:61–66. https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2017.6.1.10
Peters K, Sink K, Robinson TB (2019) Sampling methods and approaches to inform standardized
detection of marine alien fouling species on recreational vessels. J Environ Manage
230:159–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.063
Picker MD, Griffiths CL (2011) Alien and invasive animals: a South African perspective. Struik
Nature, Cape Town
Pimentel D, McNair S, Janecka J et al (2001) Economic and environmental threats of alien plant,
animal, and microbe invasions. Agric Ecosyst Environ 84:1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S01678809(00)00178-X
Plantwise Knowledge Bank (2018) Apple rust mite (Aculus schlechtendali). https://www.plantwise.
org/KnowledgeBank/Datasheet.aspx?dsid=56112. Accessed 14 Sept 2018
Potgieter LJ, Douwes E, Gaertner M et al (2020) Biological invasions in South Africa’s urban
ecosystems: patterns, processes, impacts and management. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J,
Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer,
Berlin, pp 273–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_11
Puth LM, Post DM (2005) Studying invasion: have we missed the boat? Ecol Lett 8:715–721.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00774.x
12 Pathways of Introduction and Dispersal
351
invasion pathways. Bothalia Afr Biodivers Conserv 47:a2117. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.
v47i2.2117
Measey J, Hui C, Somers M (2020) Terrestrial vertebrate invasions in South Africa. In: van Wilgen
BW, Measey J, Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in
South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 113–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_5
Middleton L (2015) South African consumers’ selection criteria for ornamental plants: a market
perspective. S Afr J Plant Soil 32:253–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2015.1025445
Mitchell M (2014a) A brief history of transport infrastructure in South Africa up to the end of the
20th century. Chapter 1: setting the scene. Civ Eng 22:35–38
Mitchell M (2014b) A brief history of transport infrastructure in South Africa up to the end of the
20th century. Chapter 2: early days of railways and harbours. Civ Eng 22:74–77
Mitchell M (2014c) A brief history of transport infrastructure in South Africa up to the end of the
20th century. Chapter 5: ports and pipelines. Civ Eng 22:74–77
Moll F, Roch F (1931) The Teredinidae of the British Museum, the natural history museums at
Glasgow and Manchester, and the Jeffreys collection. Proc Malacol Soc Lond 19:201–218
Moran VC, Hoffmann JH, Zimmermann HG (2013) 100 years of biological control of invasive
alien plants in South Africa: history, practice and achievements. S Afr J Sci 109:1–6. https://doi.
org/10.1590/sajs.2013/a0022
Moser CS, Wier TP, First MR et al (2017) Quantifying the extent of niche areas in the global fleet of
commercial ships: the potential for “super-hot spots” of biofouling. Biol Invasion
19:1745–1759. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1386-4
Nelufule T (2018) An assessment of alien terrestrial invertebrate species in the pet trade in
South Africa. Dissertation, University of Pretoria
Noble J (1886) Official handbook. History, productions, and resources of the Cape of Good Hope.
Saul Solomon, Cape Town
Nogales M, Martín A, Tershy BR et al (2004) Review of feral cat eradications on islands. Conserv
Biol 18:310–319. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00442.x
Ojaveer H, Olenin S, Narščius A et al (2017) Dynamics of biological invasions and pathways over
time: a case study of a temperate coastal sea. Biol Invasion 19:799–813. https://doi.org/10.1007/
s10530-016-1316-x
Padayachee AL, Irlich UM, Faulkner KT et al (2017) How do invasive species travel to and through
urban environments? Biol Invasion 19:3557–3570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1596-9
Pergl J, Pyšek P, Bacher S et al (2017) Troubling travellers: are ecologically harmful alien species
associated with particular introduction pathways? NeoBiota 32:1–20. https://doi.org/10.3897/
neobiota.32.10199
Peters K, Robinson TB (2017) First record of the marine alien amphipod Caprella mutica (Schurin ,
1935) in South Africa. BioInvasion Rec 6:61–66. https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2017.6.1.10
Peters K, Sink K, Robinson TB (2019) Sampling methods and approaches to inform standardized
detection of marine alien fouling species on recreational vessels. J Environ Manage
230:159–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.063
Picker MD, Griffiths CL (2011) Alien and invasive animals: a South African perspective. Struik
Nature, Cape Town
Pimentel D, McNair S, Janecka J et al (2001) Economic and environmental threats of alien plant,
animal, and microbe invasions. Agric Ecosyst Environ 84:1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S01678809(00)00178-X
Plantwise Knowledge Bank (2018) Apple rust mite (Aculus schlechtendali). https://www.plantwise.
org/KnowledgeBank/Datasheet.aspx?dsid=56112. Accessed 14 Sept 2018
Potgieter LJ, Douwes E, Gaertner M et al (2020) Biological invasions in South Africa’s urban
ecosystems: patterns, processes, impacts and management. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J,
Richardson DM, Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer,
Berlin, pp 273–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_11
Puth LM, Post DM (2005) Studying invasion: have we missed the boat? Ecol Lett 8:715–721.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00774.x
12 Pathways of Introduction and Dispersal
351