Cadotte M, Yasui SLE, Livingstone S et al (2017) Are urban systems beneficial, detrimental, or
indifferent to species invasion? Biol Invasions 19:3489–3503. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530017-1586-y
Cilliers SS, Siebert S (2012) Urban ecology in Cape Town. Ecol Soc 17:33. https://doi.org/10.5751/
ES-05146-170333
Cilliers SS, Williams NSG, Barnard FJ (2008) Patterns of exotic plant invasions in fragmented
urban and rural grasslands across continents. Landsc Ecol 23:1243–1256. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s10980-0089295-7
Coetzee MPA, Wingfield BD, Harrington TC et al (2001) The root rot fungus Armillaria mellea
introduced into South Africa by early Dutch settlers. Mol Ecol 10:387–396. https://doi.org/10.
1046/j.1365-294x.2001.01187.x
Coetzee MPA, Wingfield BD, Roux J et al (2003) Discovery of two northern hemisphere Armillaria
species on Proteaceae in South Africa. Plant Pathol 52:604–612. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.13653059.2003.00879.x
Coetzee MPA, Musasira NY, Roux J et al (2018) Armillaria root rot spreading into a natural woody
ecosystem in South Africa. Plant Pathol 67:883–891. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12804
Cowling RM, Macdonald IAW, Simmons MT (1996) The Cape Peninsula, South Africa: physiographical, biological and historical background to an extraordinary hot-spot of biodiversity.
Biodivers Conserv 5:527–550. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00137608
Cronin K, Kaplan H, Gaertner M et al (2017) Aliens in the nursery: assessing the attitudes of
nursery managers to invasive species regulations. Biol Invasions 19:925–937. https://doi.org/
10.1007/s10530-016-1363-3
Davoren E, Siebert S, Cilliers S et al (2016) Influence of socioeconomic status on design of
Batswana home gardens and associated plant diversity patterns in northern South Africa. Landsc
Ecol Eng 12:129–139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-015-0279-x
Dean WRJ, Milton SJ (2019) The dispersal and spread of invasive alien Myrtillocactus
geometrizans in the southern Karoo, South Africa. S Afr J Bot 121:210–215. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.sajb.2018.11.005
Dehnen-Schmutz K, Touza J, Perrings C et al (2007) The horticultural trade and ornamental plant
invasions in Britain. Conserv Biol 21:224–231. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.
00538.x
Dickie IA, Bennett BM, Burrows LE et al (2014) Conflicting values: ecosystem services and
invasive tree management. Biol Invasions 16:705–719. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-0130609-6
Donaldson JE, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU (2014) The seed ecology of an ornamental wattle in
South Africa — why has Acacia elata not invaded a greater area? S Afr J Bot 94:40–45. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2014.05.004
Duckworth GD, Altwegg R, Harebottle DM (2012) Demography and population ecology of the
Hadeda Ibis (Bostrychia hagedash) at its expanding range edge in South Africa. J Ornithol
153:421–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-011-0758-2
Dures SG, Cumming GS (2010) The confounding influence of homogenising invasive species in a
globally endangered and largely urban biome: does habitat quality dominate avian biodiversity?
Biol Conserv 143:768–777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.12.019
du Toit MJ, Cilliers SS, Dallimer M et al (2018) Urban green infrastructure and ecosystem services
in sub-Saharan Africa. Landsc Urban Plan 180:249–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.
2018.06.001
Elmqvist T, Alfsen-Norodom C, Colding J (2008) Urban systems. In: Jørgensen SE, Fath BD (eds)
Ecosystems vol. [5] of encyclopaedia of ecology. Elsevier, Oxford, pp 3665–3672. https://doi.
org/10.1016/B978-008045405-4.00364-5
Elmqvist T, Setala H, Handel SN et al (2015) Benefits of restoring ecosystem services in urban
areas. Curr Opin Environ Sustain 14:101–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2015.05.001
Eschen R, O’Hanlon R, Santini A et al (2018) Safeguarding global plant health: the rise of sentinels.
J Pest Sci 92:29–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-018-1041-6
302
L. J. Potgieter et al.
indifferent to species invasion? Biol Invasions 19:3489–3503. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530017-1586-y
Cilliers SS, Siebert S (2012) Urban ecology in Cape Town. Ecol Soc 17:33. https://doi.org/10.5751/
ES-05146-170333
Cilliers SS, Williams NSG, Barnard FJ (2008) Patterns of exotic plant invasions in fragmented
urban and rural grasslands across continents. Landsc Ecol 23:1243–1256. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s10980-0089295-7
Coetzee MPA, Wingfield BD, Harrington TC et al (2001) The root rot fungus Armillaria mellea
introduced into South Africa by early Dutch settlers. Mol Ecol 10:387–396. https://doi.org/10.
1046/j.1365-294x.2001.01187.x
Coetzee MPA, Wingfield BD, Roux J et al (2003) Discovery of two northern hemisphere Armillaria
species on Proteaceae in South Africa. Plant Pathol 52:604–612. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.13653059.2003.00879.x
Coetzee MPA, Musasira NY, Roux J et al (2018) Armillaria root rot spreading into a natural woody
ecosystem in South Africa. Plant Pathol 67:883–891. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12804
Cowling RM, Macdonald IAW, Simmons MT (1996) The Cape Peninsula, South Africa: physiographical, biological and historical background to an extraordinary hot-spot of biodiversity.
Biodivers Conserv 5:527–550. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00137608
Cronin K, Kaplan H, Gaertner M et al (2017) Aliens in the nursery: assessing the attitudes of
nursery managers to invasive species regulations. Biol Invasions 19:925–937. https://doi.org/
10.1007/s10530-016-1363-3
Davoren E, Siebert S, Cilliers S et al (2016) Influence of socioeconomic status on design of
Batswana home gardens and associated plant diversity patterns in northern South Africa. Landsc
Ecol Eng 12:129–139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-015-0279-x
Dean WRJ, Milton SJ (2019) The dispersal and spread of invasive alien Myrtillocactus
geometrizans in the southern Karoo, South Africa. S Afr J Bot 121:210–215. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.sajb.2018.11.005
Dehnen-Schmutz K, Touza J, Perrings C et al (2007) The horticultural trade and ornamental plant
invasions in Britain. Conserv Biol 21:224–231. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.
00538.x
Dickie IA, Bennett BM, Burrows LE et al (2014) Conflicting values: ecosystem services and
invasive tree management. Biol Invasions 16:705–719. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-0130609-6
Donaldson JE, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU (2014) The seed ecology of an ornamental wattle in
South Africa — why has Acacia elata not invaded a greater area? S Afr J Bot 94:40–45. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2014.05.004
Duckworth GD, Altwegg R, Harebottle DM (2012) Demography and population ecology of the
Hadeda Ibis (Bostrychia hagedash) at its expanding range edge in South Africa. J Ornithol
153:421–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-011-0758-2
Dures SG, Cumming GS (2010) The confounding influence of homogenising invasive species in a
globally endangered and largely urban biome: does habitat quality dominate avian biodiversity?
Biol Conserv 143:768–777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.12.019
du Toit MJ, Cilliers SS, Dallimer M et al (2018) Urban green infrastructure and ecosystem services
in sub-Saharan Africa. Landsc Urban Plan 180:249–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.
2018.06.001
Elmqvist T, Alfsen-Norodom C, Colding J (2008) Urban systems. In: Jørgensen SE, Fath BD (eds)
Ecosystems vol. [5] of encyclopaedia of ecology. Elsevier, Oxford, pp 3665–3672. https://doi.
org/10.1016/B978-008045405-4.00364-5
Elmqvist T, Setala H, Handel SN et al (2015) Benefits of restoring ecosystem services in urban
areas. Curr Opin Environ Sustain 14:101–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2015.05.001
Eschen R, O’Hanlon R, Santini A et al (2018) Safeguarding global plant health: the rise of sentinels.
J Pest Sci 92:29–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-018-1041-6
302
L. J. Potgieter et al.