References
Alston KP, Richardson DM (2006) The roles of habitat features, disturbance, and distance from
putative source populations in structuring alien plant invasions at the urban/wildland interface
on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. Biol Conserv 132:183–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
biocon.2006.03.023
Annecke DP, Moran VC (1978) Critical reviews of biological pest control in South Africa. 2. The
prickly pear, Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller. J Entomol Soc South Afr 41:161–188
Avis AM (1989) A review of coastal dune stabilization in the Cape Province of South Africa.
Landscape Urban Plan 18:55–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(89)90055-8
Bhagat SA, Breman E, Thekaekara T et al (2012) A battle lost? Report on two centuries of invasion
and management of Lantana camara L. in Australia, India and South Africa. PLoS One 7:
e32407. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032407
Blackburn TM, Pyšek P, Bacher S et al (2011) A proposed unified framework for biological
invasions. Trends Ecol Evol 26:333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023
Canavan S, Richardson DM, Le Roux JJ et al (2019) Alien bamboos in South Africa: a sociohistorical perspective. Hum Ecol 47:121–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-018-0041-8
Cole N, van Wilgen NJ, Foxcroft LC et al (2018) Invasive alien species management. South African
National Parks policy document. Reference number: 17/P-CSD/Pol/AIS (09–17) v1
Cowling RM, Richardson DM, Schulze RE et al (1997) Species diversity at the regional scale. In:
Cowling RM, Richardson DM, Pierce SM (eds) Vegetation of Southern Africa. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, pp 447–473
Cronin K, Kaplan H, Gaertner M et al (2017) Aliens in the nursery: assessing the attitudes of
nursery managers to invasive species regulations. Biol Invasions 19:925–937. https://doi.org/
10.1007/s10530-016-1363-3
Deacon J (1986) Human settlement in South Africa and archaeological evidence for alien plants and
animals. In: Macdonald IAW, Kruger FJ, Ferrar AA (eds) The ecology and management of
biological invasions in southern Africa. Oxford University Press, Cape Town, pp 3–19
Donaldson JE, Hui C, Richardson DM et al (2014) Invasion trajectory of alien trees: the role of
introduction pathway and planting history. Glob Chang Biol 20:1527–1537. https://doi.org/10.
1111/gcb.12486
Driscoll D, Catford JA, Barney JN et al (2014) New pasture plants intensify invasive species risk.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:16622–16627. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1409347111
Faulkner KT, Burness A, Byrne MJ et al (2020) South Africa’s pathways of introduction and
dispersal and how they have changed over time. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM,
Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 311–
352. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_12
Foxcroft LC, Rouget M, Richardson DM et al (2004) Reconstructing fifty years of Opuntia stricta
invasion in the Kruger National Park: environmental determinants and propagule pressure.
Divers Distrib 10:427–437. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1366-9516.2004.00117.x
Foxcroft LC, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU (2008) Ornamental plants as invasive aliens: problems
and solutions in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Environ Manage 41:32–51. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s00267-007-9027-9
Foxcroft LC, Jarošík V, Pyšek P et al (2011) Protected area boundaries as a natural filter of plant
invasions from surrounding landscapes. Conserv Biol 25:400–405. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.
1523-1739.2010.01617.x
Foxcroft LC, Pyšek P, Richardson DM et al (eds) (2013) Plant invasions in protected areas: patterns,
problems and challenges, Invading nature series, vol vol 7. Springer, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.
1007/978-94-007-7750-7
Foxcroft LC, van Wilgen NJ, Baard J et al (2017) Biological invasions in South African National
Parks. Bothalia 47(2):a2158. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v47i2.2158
90
D. M. Richardson et al.
Alston KP, Richardson DM (2006) The roles of habitat features, disturbance, and distance from
putative source populations in structuring alien plant invasions at the urban/wildland interface
on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. Biol Conserv 132:183–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
biocon.2006.03.023
Annecke DP, Moran VC (1978) Critical reviews of biological pest control in South Africa. 2. The
prickly pear, Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Miller. J Entomol Soc South Afr 41:161–188
Avis AM (1989) A review of coastal dune stabilization in the Cape Province of South Africa.
Landscape Urban Plan 18:55–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(89)90055-8
Bhagat SA, Breman E, Thekaekara T et al (2012) A battle lost? Report on two centuries of invasion
and management of Lantana camara L. in Australia, India and South Africa. PLoS One 7:
e32407. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032407
Blackburn TM, Pyšek P, Bacher S et al (2011) A proposed unified framework for biological
invasions. Trends Ecol Evol 26:333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.03.023
Canavan S, Richardson DM, Le Roux JJ et al (2019) Alien bamboos in South Africa: a sociohistorical perspective. Hum Ecol 47:121–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-018-0041-8
Cole N, van Wilgen NJ, Foxcroft LC et al (2018) Invasive alien species management. South African
National Parks policy document. Reference number: 17/P-CSD/Pol/AIS (09–17) v1
Cowling RM, Richardson DM, Schulze RE et al (1997) Species diversity at the regional scale. In:
Cowling RM, Richardson DM, Pierce SM (eds) Vegetation of Southern Africa. Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, pp 447–473
Cronin K, Kaplan H, Gaertner M et al (2017) Aliens in the nursery: assessing the attitudes of
nursery managers to invasive species regulations. Biol Invasions 19:925–937. https://doi.org/
10.1007/s10530-016-1363-3
Deacon J (1986) Human settlement in South Africa and archaeological evidence for alien plants and
animals. In: Macdonald IAW, Kruger FJ, Ferrar AA (eds) The ecology and management of
biological invasions in southern Africa. Oxford University Press, Cape Town, pp 3–19
Donaldson JE, Hui C, Richardson DM et al (2014) Invasion trajectory of alien trees: the role of
introduction pathway and planting history. Glob Chang Biol 20:1527–1537. https://doi.org/10.
1111/gcb.12486
Driscoll D, Catford JA, Barney JN et al (2014) New pasture plants intensify invasive species risk.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:16622–16627. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1409347111
Faulkner KT, Burness A, Byrne MJ et al (2020) South Africa’s pathways of introduction and
dispersal and how they have changed over time. In: van Wilgen BW, Measey J, Richardson DM,
Wilson JR, Zengeya TA (eds) Biological invasions in South Africa. Springer, Berlin, pp 311–
352. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32394-3_12
Foxcroft LC, Rouget M, Richardson DM et al (2004) Reconstructing fifty years of Opuntia stricta
invasion in the Kruger National Park: environmental determinants and propagule pressure.
Divers Distrib 10:427–437. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1366-9516.2004.00117.x
Foxcroft LC, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU (2008) Ornamental plants as invasive aliens: problems
and solutions in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Environ Manage 41:32–51. https://doi.
org/10.1007/s00267-007-9027-9
Foxcroft LC, Jarošík V, Pyšek P et al (2011) Protected area boundaries as a natural filter of plant
invasions from surrounding landscapes. Conserv Biol 25:400–405. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.
1523-1739.2010.01617.x
Foxcroft LC, Pyšek P, Richardson DM et al (eds) (2013) Plant invasions in protected areas: patterns,
problems and challenges, Invading nature series, vol vol 7. Springer, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.
1007/978-94-007-7750-7
Foxcroft LC, van Wilgen NJ, Baard J et al (2017) Biological invasions in South African National
Parks. Bothalia 47(2):a2158. https://doi.org/10.4102/abc.v47i2.2158
90
D. M. Richardson et al.