Neosartorya pseudofischeri 2014F27-1, as obtained from the sea star Acanthaster
planci collected from the Hainan Sanya National Coral Reef Reserve [136]. The
fungus Penicillium aurantiogriseum SP0-19 was obtained from the sponge Mycale
plumosa in Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao. Cultivation of P. aurantiogriseum in liquid
GYM medium yielded three quinazoline alkaloids, aurantiomides AÀC (519–521)
[160]. The red alga Grateloupia turuturu collected from the coast of Qingdao
yielded Paecilomyces variotii EN-291. When cultivated in liquid PDB medium,
this fungus gave three oxepine-containing alkaloids, varioloids A and B (522 and
523) and varioxepine A (524), showing antifungal activity against the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum with MIC values of 8, 4, and 4 μg/cm
3 ,
respectively [161, 162]. A benzodiazepine derivative, 2-hydroxycircumdatin C
(525), was obtained from Aspergillus ochraceus 301, an endophytic fungus derived
from the brown alga Sargassum kjellmanianum collected from the Dalian coastline,
following fermentation of the fungus in liquid medium containing seawater, sorbitol,
maltose, monosodium glutamate, and yeast extract. 2-Hydroxycircumdatin C (525)
exhibited DPPH radical-scavenging activity with an IC 50 value of 9.9 μM
(Fig. 30) [163].
7.3 Phenylalanine Derivatives
The fungus Arthrinium arundinis ZSDS1-F3 was obtained from the sponge
Phakellia fusca collected from Xisha Islands. Four cytochalasins, arthriniumnins
AÀD (526–529) (Fig. 31), were reported when A. arundinis was cultivated in liquid
medium composed of sorbitol, maltose, and yeast extract [164]. The soft coral
Sarcophyton sp. gathered from the Weizhou coral reef in the South China Sea
N
N
NH
O
O
O
N
N
H
O
517 (fumiquinazoline L)
N
N
O
O
N
N
O
HO
518 (neosartin C)
CONH 2
N
N
NH
O
O
RO
519 R = Me
(aurantiomide A)
520 R = H
(aurantiomide B)
CONH 2
N
N
NH
O
O
521 (aurantiomide C)
522 (varioloid A)
N
N
O
NH
O
O
O
O
N
N
O
NH
O
O
O
N
NH
N
O
O
O
O
O
524 (varioxepine A)
523 (varioloid B)
N
NH
N
O
O
OH
HO
525 (2-hydroxycircumdatin C)
Fig. 30 Structures of quinolone and quinazoline derivatives (part 2)
Secondary Metabolites from Marine-Derived Fungi from China
129
planci collected from the Hainan Sanya National Coral Reef Reserve [136]. The
fungus Penicillium aurantiogriseum SP0-19 was obtained from the sponge Mycale
plumosa in Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao. Cultivation of P. aurantiogriseum in liquid
GYM medium yielded three quinazoline alkaloids, aurantiomides AÀC (519–521)
[160]. The red alga Grateloupia turuturu collected from the coast of Qingdao
yielded Paecilomyces variotii EN-291. When cultivated in liquid PDB medium,
this fungus gave three oxepine-containing alkaloids, varioloids A and B (522 and
523) and varioxepine A (524), showing antifungal activity against the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum with MIC values of 8, 4, and 4 μg/cm
3 ,
respectively [161, 162]. A benzodiazepine derivative, 2-hydroxycircumdatin C
(525), was obtained from Aspergillus ochraceus 301, an endophytic fungus derived
from the brown alga Sargassum kjellmanianum collected from the Dalian coastline,
following fermentation of the fungus in liquid medium containing seawater, sorbitol,
maltose, monosodium glutamate, and yeast extract. 2-Hydroxycircumdatin C (525)
exhibited DPPH radical-scavenging activity with an IC 50 value of 9.9 μM
(Fig. 30) [163].
7.3 Phenylalanine Derivatives
The fungus Arthrinium arundinis ZSDS1-F3 was obtained from the sponge
Phakellia fusca collected from Xisha Islands. Four cytochalasins, arthriniumnins
AÀD (526–529) (Fig. 31), were reported when A. arundinis was cultivated in liquid
medium composed of sorbitol, maltose, and yeast extract [164]. The soft coral
Sarcophyton sp. gathered from the Weizhou coral reef in the South China Sea
N
N
NH
O
O
O
N
N
H
O
517 (fumiquinazoline L)
N
N
O
O
N
N
O
HO
518 (neosartin C)
CONH 2
N
N
NH
O
O
RO
519 R = Me
(aurantiomide A)
520 R = H
(aurantiomide B)
CONH 2
N
N
NH
O
O
521 (aurantiomide C)
522 (varioloid A)
N
N
O
NH
O
O
O
O
N
N
O
NH
O
O
O
N
NH
N
O
O
O
O
O
524 (varioxepine A)
523 (varioloid B)
N
NH
N
O
O
OH
HO
525 (2-hydroxycircumdatin C)
Fig. 30 Structures of quinolone and quinazoline derivatives (part 2)
Secondary Metabolites from Marine-Derived Fungi from China
129