FTO
Fat mass and obesity-associated protein
HDAC
Histone deacetylase
IDAX
Inhibition of the Dvl and Axin complex
IDH
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
LCI
Low-complexity insert
LC-MS
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
MALDI-TOF
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight
MBP
Methyl-binding protein
MDS
Myelodysplastic syndrome
MLL
Mixed lineage leukaemia
mTet1
Murine TET
NgTet1
Naegleria gruberi TET
NLS
Nuclear localisation signal
NOG
N-Oxalylglycine
PBD
PCNA-binding domain
PHD
Plant homeodomain
PRMT
Protein arginine methyltransferase
PWWP
Proline-tryptophan-tryptophan-proline domain
R/S-2HG
R/S-2-hydroxyglutarate
RFTD
Replication foci targeting sequence (RFTS) domain
ROS1
Repressor of silencing 1
SAH/AdoHys
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
SAM/AdoMet
S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
SDH
Succinate dehydrogenase
SPR
Surface plasmon resonance
TCA
Tricarboxylic acid
TDG
Thymidine-DNA glycosylase
TET
Ten-eleven translocation
TLC
Thin-layer chromatography
TRDMT1
tRNA aspartic acid methyltransferase
1 Introduction
DNA methylation and its oxidised forms participate in the interpretation and regulation of the genome. Chemical modifications of cytosine in chromosome DNA are
(highly) dynamic and are one of the regulatory elements that, together with histone
modifications and chromatin remodelling, allow the DNA to interact with the
protein machineries that interpret, repair and splice the genetic information.
The cytosine modifications identified to date are 5-methylcytosine (5mC),
5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxycytosine
(5caC).
Chemical Compounds Targeting DNA Methylation and Hydroxymethylation
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